Cylindrocapsa Reinsch, 1867

Lectotype species: Cylindrocapsa involuta Reinsch

Original publication: Reinsch, P.F. (1866). Die Algenflora des mittleren Theiles von Franken (des Keupergebietes mit den angrenzenden Partien des jurassischen Gebietes) enthaltend die vom Autor bis jetzt in diesen Gebieten beobachteten Susswasseralgen und die Diagnosen und Abbildungen von ein und funfzig vom Autor in diesem gebiete entdeckten neuen Arten und drei neuen Gattungen. Abhandlungen der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Nürnberg 3(2): 1-238, pls I-XIII.

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Type designated in: Fott, B. (1959). Algenkunde. pp. [i]-vii, [1]-482. Jena: Fischer.

Description: Filaments uniseriate and unbranched, at times biseriate, relatively short, mostly with distinct polar differentiation. Juveniles attached by short cellulosic holdfast, later free-floating. Cells ovoid to oblong, often joined in pairs or evenly spaced inside relatively tough, stratified mucilaginous sheath, with concentric cellulose layers around each cell. Chloroplast axile and stellate (when young), or parietal and massive, with single pyrenoid. Chloroplast structure often obscured by accumulations of starch grains. Asexual reproduction by spherical or oval biflagellate zoospores and oval walled aplanospores. Sexual reproduction oogamous and monoecious. Single spherical or oval oogonia in enlarged vegetative cells with thick, stratified walls, each producing one ovum. Antheridia, to 2-4 in non-enlarged cells, arranged in 1, 2 or 4 longitudinal series, each producing two brownish-red spindle-shaped biflagellate antherizoids. Entrance of antherizoids to ovum through wide pore in oogonial wall. After fertilization, oospore (zygote) becoming reddish and gradually thick-walled, followed by dormancy. Cylindrocapsa widely distributed, but rarely recorded, in various freshwater habitats. The generic concept of Cylindrocapsa is controversial. Different isolates have different types of cytokinesis, by precocious furrow in absence of phycoplast (thus ulvophycean) versus by so-called ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-plate associated with a phycoplast (thus chlorophycean). The variable description of chloroplasts in Cylindrocapsa involuta either as axile and stellate or parietal and massive, makes a reliable application of the name Cylindrocapsa and other Cylindrocapsaceae uncertain. Ultrastructure of Cylindrocapsa zoospores shows an unusual flagellar root system including a band of many microtubules which, in one part, number up to 14. This quadriflagellate conditions also contrasts with biflagellate condition normally reported for zoospores. Cylindrocapsa as currently circumscribed probably polyphyletic.

Information contributed by: G.M. Lokhorst. The most recent alteration to this page was made on 2021-01-26 by M.D. Guiry.

Taxonomic status: This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Most recent taxonomic treatment adopted: Tsarenko, P.M. (2011). Chlorococcales. In: Algae of Ukraine: diversity, nomenclature, taxonomy, ecology and geography. Volume 3: Chlorophyta. (Tsarenko, P.M., Wasser, S.P. & Nevo, E. Eds), pp. 232-264. Ruggell: A.R.A. Gantner Verlag K.-G..

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Contributors
Some of the descriptions included in AlgaeBase were originally from the unpublished Encyclopedia of Algal Genera, organised in the 1990s by Dr Bruce Parker on behalf of the Phycological Society of America (PSA) and intended to be published in CD format. These AlgaeBase descriptions are now being continually updated, and each current contributor is identified above. The PSA and AlgaeBase warmly acknowledge the generosity of all past and present contributors and particularly the work of Dr Parker.

Descriptions of chrysophyte genera were subsequently published in J. Kristiansen & H.R. Preisig (eds.). 2001. Encyclopedia of Chrysophyte Genera. Bibliotheca Phycologica 110: 1-260.

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Citing AlgaeBase
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M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 26 January 2021. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org; searched on 28 March 2024

 
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