Rhizoclonium tortuosum (Dillwyn) Kützing

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Chlorophyta
Class Ulvophyceae
Order Cladophorales
Family Cladophoraceae
Genus Rhizoclonium

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Spain, Galicia, A Coruña, Ártabra, 2009. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Ría de Foz, Galicia, Spain, 2009. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Ría de Foz, Galicia, Spain, 2009. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Ría de Foz, Galicia, Spain, 2009. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Rhizoclonium tortuosum (Dillwyn) Kützing Ría de Foz, Galicia, Spain, 2009

Publication details
Rhizoclonium tortuosum (Dillwyn) Kützing 1845: 205

Original publication: Kützing, F.T. (1845). Phycologia germanica, d. i. Deutschlands Algen in bündigen Beschreibungen. Nebst einer Anleitung zum Untersuchen und Bestimmen dieser Gewächse für Anfänger. pp. i-x, 1-340. Nordhausen: W. Köhne.
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Type species
The type species (lectotype) of the genus Rhizoclonium is Rhizoclonium juergensii (Mertens) Kützing.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Conferva tortuosa Dillwyn

Type information
Lectotype locality: Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996: 787). Type: BM Notes: Silva et al. recommend consulting Blaire (1983: 198) for further information regarding the lectotype locality of this species. According to Womersley (1984: 168) the type is from Yarmouth, England; in BM (see Chapman, 1939: 21).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), bent or twisted in different directions, involved, complicated (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Conferva tortuosa Dillwyn 1805

General environment
This is a Marine species.

Common names

(as Rhizoclonium tortuosum (Dillwyn) Kützing)
Japanese: Naga-motsure (Tokida 1954).

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Rhizoclonium tortuosum (Dillwyn) Kützing)
Ireland: Antrim (Morton 1994), Derry (Morton 1994), Donegal (Morton 2003), Down (Morton 1994).

Europe: Adriatic (Gallardo et al. 1993), Balearic Islands (Gallardo et al. 1993), Belgium (Coppejans 1995), Black Sea (Gallardo et al. 1993), Britain (Burrows 1991, Hardy & Guiry 2003, Whitton et al. 2003), Corsica (Gallardo et al. 1993), Faroe Islands (Irvine 1982), France (Gallardo et al. 1993, Dizerbo & Herpe 2007, Anon. 2012), Greece (Athanasiadis 1987, Gallardo et al. 1993, Christia et al. 2011), Ireland (Burrows 1991, Morton 1994), Italy (Gallardo et al. 1993, Gallardo et al. 1993, Furnari, Cormaci & Serio 1999, Rindi, Sartoni & Cinelli 2002), Norway (Rueness 1997), Portugal (Cremades et al., 2002, Araujo et al. 2009, Araújo, Bárbara & Sousa-Pinto in press), Romania (Caraus 2002, Caraus 2012), Spain (Gallardo et al. 1985, Soto & Conde 1989, Pérez-Ruzafa 1990, Granja, Cremades & Barbara 1992, Barbara, Cremades & López Rodriguez 1992, Gallardo et al. 1993, Flores-Moya et al. 1994, Guillermes, Cremades & Pérez-Cirera 1994, Flores-Moya et al. 1995, Bárbara, Cremades & Pérez-Cirera 1995, Bárbara & Cremades 1996, Veiga, Cremades & Bárbara 1998, Cambra Sánchez, Álvarez Cobelas & Aboal Sanjurjo 1998, Calvo, Bárbara & Cremades 1999, Veiga Villar 1999, Calvo & Bárbara 2002, Peña & Bárbara 2002, Valenzuela Miranda 2002, Gorostiaga et al., 2004, Bárbara et al. 2005, Bárbara et al. 2005, Morais e Silva, Lavelli & Rull Lluch 2008, Peña & Bárbara 2008, Cires Rodriguez & Cuesta Moliner 2010), Turkey (Europe) (Taskin et al. 2008 ).

Atlantic Islands: Bermuda (Taylor 1957, Taylor 1960), Canary Islands (Haroun et al. 2002, Herrera-López et al 2003, Gil-Rodríguez et al. 2003, John et al. 2004, Anon 2011), Cape Verde Islands (Prud'homme van Reine, Haroun & Kostermans 2005), Gough Island (Chamberlain 1965), Greenland (Pedersen 2011), Madeira (Haroun et al. 2002).

North America: California (Miller 2012), Maine (Mathieson et al. 2001), New Hampshire (Mathieson & Hehre 1986, Mathieson & Dawes 2002), New York (Taylor 1957), North Carolina (Taylor 1957, Taylor 1960), Oregon (Hansen 1997), Quebec (Taylor 1957), Virginia (Humm 1979).

Central America: Baja California (Norris 2010, Norris 2010), Costa Rica (Fernández-García et al. 2011), México (Pacific) (Pedroche et al. 2005).

Caribbean Islands: Barbados (Taylor 1960).

South America: Argentina (Boraso de Zaixso 2004), Brazil (Joly 1965, Oliveira Filho 1977), Chile (Ramírez & Santelices 1991, Hoffmann & Santelices 1997), Venezuela (Ganesan 1990).

Africa: Algeria (Gallardo et al. 1993), Egypt (Gallardo et al. 1993), Ethiopia (Papenfuss 1968), Morocco (Gallardo et al. 1993, Benhissoune, Boudouresque & Verlaque 2001, Benhissoune, Boudouresque & Verlaque 2001), South Africa (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Tanzania (Oliveira, Österlund & Mtolera 2005), Tunisia (Gallardo et al. 1993).

Indian Ocean Islands: Andaman Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Nicobar Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Réunion (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Seychelles (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

South-west Asia: Abu Dhabi (John 2005), Bahrain (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Bangladesh (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), India (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Sahoo et al. 2001), Iran (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Kuwait (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Pakistan (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Sri Lanka (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Turkey (Asia) (Taskin et al. 2008 ), Yemen (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

Asia: Japan (Segawa 1981, Yoshida 1998), Kamchatka (Klochkova, Korolyova & Kusidi 2009).

South-east Asia: Indonesia (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Singapore (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Pham et al. 2011), Vietnam (Tien 2007).

Australia and New Zealand: New Zealand (Womersley 1984, Broady et al. 2012), Queensland (Phillips 2002, Bostock & Holland 2010), South Australia (Womersley 1984), Western Australia (Huisman & Borowitzka 2003).

Pacific Islands: Federated States of Micronesia (Lobban & Tsuda 2003), Mariana Islands (Tsuda 2003), Samoan Archipelago (Skelton & South 1999).

Antarctic and the subantarctic islands: Antarctica/Subantarctic Islands (Papenfuss 1964).

Taxonomic notes
For a detailed discussion on the taxonomy and nomenclature of this species see Silva et al. (1996: 936). Guiry (1997) suggests consulting Burrows (1991) for the synonymy between this species and R. riparium and R. arenosum. Also noted; Silva, Basson & Moe (1996) regard these as separate species.

Key references
Burova, O.V., Tsarenko, P.M., Kovalenko, O.V., Mikhailyuk, T.I., Petlovany, O.A., Lilitska, G.G. & Bilous, O.P. (2011). Ulvophyceae. In: Algae of Ukraine: diversity, nomenclature, taxonomy, ecology and geography. Volume 3: Chlorophyta. (Tsarenko, P.M., Wasser, S.P. & Nevo, E. Eds), pp. 20-61. Ruggell: A.R.A. Gantner Verlag K.-G.

Burrows, E.M. (1991). Seaweeds of the British Isles. Volume 2. Chlorophyta. pp. [i]-xi, [1]-238, 60 figs, 9 pls. London: Natural History Museum Publications.

Klochkova, N.G., Korolyova, T.N. & Kusidi, A.E. (2009). [Atlas of algae-macrophytes Kamchatka waters. Vol 1. Green algae and brown algae]. pp. 1-216. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO Press.

Norris, J.N. (2010). Marine algae of the Northern Gulf of California: Chlorophyta and Phaeophyceae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 94: i-x, 1-276.

Papenfuss, G.F. (1964). Catalogue and bibliography of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic benthic marine algae. In: Bibliography of the Antarctic Seas. (Lee, M.O. Eds) Vol.1, pp. 1-76. Washington D.C.: American Geophysical Union.

Pedersen, P.M. (2011). Grønlands havalger. pp. [1] 7-208. Copenhagen: Forlaget Epsilon.DK.

Pedroche, F.F., Silva, P.C., Aguilar-Rosas, L.E., Dreckmann, K.M. & Aguilar-Rosas, R. (2005). Catálogo de las algas marinas bentónicas del Pacífico de México. I. Chlorophycota. pp. i-viii, 17-146. Ensenada, México: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.

Scagel, R.F. (1957). An annotated list of the marine algae of British Columbia and northern Washington (including keys to genera). Bulletin, National Museum of Canada 150: [i]-vi, 1-289.

Smith, G.M. (1944). Marine algae of the Monterey Peninsula. pp. i-ix, 1-622, 98 pls. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Rhizoclonium&species=tortuosum

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Rhizoclonium&Species=tortuosum

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

Created: 06 April 1996 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 14 March 2013 by M.D. Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 6652 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Mikaji, K. (1992). The occurrence of Rhizoclonium riparium and R. tortuosum (Chlorophyceae) on the coast of Hokkaido, Japan. Japanese Journal of Phycology 40: 167-172.
Miyaji, K. (1992). The occurence of Rhizoclonium riparium and R. tortuosum (Chlorophyceae) on the coast of Hokkaido, Japan. Japanese Journal of Phycology 40: 167-172.

Linking to this page: http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=237

Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 26 May 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:94187