Ahnfeltia plicata (Hudson) E.M.Fries

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subphylum Eurhodophytina
Class Florideophyceae
Subclass Ahnfeltiophycidae
Order Ahnfeltiales
Family Ahnfeltiaceae
Genus Ahnfeltia

Pictures

click on thumbnail for larger version.

Spiddal, Co. Galway, Ireland; showing carposporangial swellings. 29 Mar 2012. M.D. Guiry. © M.D. Guiry (mikeguiry@me.com).

Spiddal, Co. Galway, Ireland; to about 30 cm . 29 Mar 2012. M.D. Guiry. © M.D. Guiry (mikeguiry@me.com).

Spiddal, Co. Galway, Ireland; to about 15 cm . 29 Mar 2012. M.D. Guiry. © M.D. Guiry (mikeguiry@me.com).

Collected near Roscoff (F), Dec 1984. 29 Dec 2011. Elmar Wosnitza. © Christine Wosnitza.

lower intertidal, Ría de Muros, Galicia, Spain, 2011. 24 Oct 2011. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Northern California. 09 Mar 2011. Wendell Wood (ww@oregonwild.org). © Wendell Wood (ww@oregonwild.org).

Lourido, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain, 2008, Ignacio Bárbara. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Cambre, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain, 2008. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada. Colin Bates (colinba@interchange.ubc.ca). © Coastal Imageworks (colinba@interchange.ubc.ca).

Ahnfeltia plicata (Hudson) E.M.Fries lower intertidal, Ría de Muros, Galicia, Spain, 2011

Publication details
Ahnfeltia plicata (Hudson) E.M.Fries 1836: 310

Original publication: Fries, E.M. (1836). Corpus florarum provincialium Sueciae. I. Floram scanicam. pp. i-xxiv, 193-346. Upsaliae [Uppsala]: excudebant Regiae Acad. Typographi.
Download PDF

Type species
This is the type species (lectotype) of the genus Ahnfeltia.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Fucus plicatus Hudson

Type information
Type locality: Habitat in littoribus marinis [Dwells on marine shores, England] (Hudson 1762: 470). Lectotype: BM (Dixon & Irvine 1977: 213). Notes: Lectotype: BM. An unlocalized, undated Hudson specimen accepted as of provisional lectotype status. England.

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), folded into pleats or furrows, usually longitudinally (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Gigartina plicata (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux
Gymnogongrus plicatus (Hudson) Kützing
Fucus plicatus Hudson 1762
Fucus albus Hudson 1762
Fucus plicatus var. simplicior C.Agardh 1810
Sphaerococcus plicatus (Hudson) C.Agardh 1817
Sphaerococcus plicatus var. tenuis C.Agardh 1817
Sphaerococcus plicatus var. simplicior (C.Agardh) C.Agardh 1817
Sphaerococcus plicatus var. elongatus (Turner) C.Agardh 1817
Gigartina plicata var. tenuior Lyngbye 1819
Gigartina plicata var. simplicior Lyngbye 1819
Gigartina confervoides var. plicata (Esper) Lyngbye 1819
Tylocarpus plicatus (Hudson) Kützing 1843

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Fucus plicatus Esper 1798
Gymnogongrus comosus Kützing 1869
Sterrocolax decipiens F.Schmitz 1893
Porphyrodiscus simulans Batters 1897
Ahnfeltia plicata f. pumila Lakowitz 1907
Ahnfeltia plicata f. tenuior (Lyngbye) Rosenvinge 1931
Ahnfeltia plicata f. tenuis (C.Agardh) Levring 1940

General environment
This is a marine species.

Common names

(as Ahnfeltia plicata (Hudson) E.M.Fries)
English: Bushy Ahnfelt's Seaweed (Arasaki & Arasaki 1983), Black Scour Weed (Bunker et al. 2010).

French: Fil de fer (Dickinson 1963).

Japanese: Itanigusa (Arasaki & Arasaki 1983), Kanten (McConnaughey 1985).

Swedish: Havsris (Tolstoy & Österlund 2003).

Common names used in commerce, often for edible algae
fil de fer {Fr}; landladys wig {Eng}; "wig, landladys"

Description
Gametophytes horny, cylindrical, blackish fronds, narrow (1 mm diam.), irregularly subdichotomously branched, to 120 mm high, from a thin crustose base of up to 200 mm diam. Branches with rounded axils and blunt, often bleached tips and growing through shell fragments. Tetrasporophyte (Porphyrodiscus-phase) a thin violet crust , generally found in association with the gametophytes.

Habitat
On rock, mid-intertidal to sublittoral, especially common on sand-covered rocks, widely distributed, common.

Distribution by country

Point data for Ireland and Britain

This map may take a minute to load. Please use an up-to-date web browser (Google Chrome 11, Firefox 4, Safari 5, Opera 11, Internet Explorer 9) for best performance.

Type information
Type locality: England (Dawson 1961: 246). Lectotype: BM (Dixon & Irvine 1977: 213). Notes: An unlocalized, undated Hudson specimen in BM has been chosen as provisional lectotype.

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Gymnogongrus plicatus (Hudson) Kützing)
Ireland: Dublin (Sanders 1860).

Europe: Ireland (Sanders 1860).

(as Fucus plicatus Hudson)
Ireland: Wexford (Tighe 1803).

Europe: Ireland (Tighe 1803).

(as Ahnfeltia plicata (Hudson) E.M.Fries)
Arctic: Canada (Arctic) (Lee 1980).

Ireland: Antrim (Adams 1907, Guiry 1978, Morton 1994), Clare (Guiry 1978, De Valéra et al. 1979, Maggs 1983), Cork (Cullinane 1971, Guiry 1978), Derry (Morton 1994), Donegal (Guiry 1978, Morton 2003), Down (Morton 1974, Guiry 1978, Morton 1994), Dublin (Guiry 1978), Galway (Guiry 1978, Maggs 1983), Kerry (Guiry 1978), Leitrim (Cullinane 1970, Guiry 1978), Mayo (Cotton 1912, Guiry 1978), Sligo (Cullinane 1970, Guiry 1978), Waterford (Guiry 1978), Wexford (Cotton 1913, Parkes & Scannell 1969, Norton 1970, Guiry 1978).

Europe: Baltic Sea (Nielsen et al. 1995), Britain (Newton 1931, Dixon & Irvine 1977, Guiry 1997, Hardy & Guiry 2003), Denmark (Larsen & Sand-Jensen 2006), Faroe Islands (Irvine 1982, Nielsen & Gunnarsson 2001), France (Feldmann 1954, Coppejans 1995, Dizerbo & Herpe 2007, Loiseaux-de Goër & Noailles 2008, Anon. 2012, Milstein & Saunders 2012, Bárbara & Díaz Tapia 2012), Helgoland (Bartsch & Kuhlenkamp 2000), Ireland (Adams 1907, Cotton 1912, Cotton 1913, Cullinane 1971, Guiry 1978, De Valéra et al. 1979, Maggs 1983, Morton 1994, Guiry 2012), Netherlands (Stegenga & Mol 1983), Norway (Rueness 1997), Portugal (Ardré 1970, Araújo et al. 2006, Araujo et al. 2009, Bárbara et al. 2012, Araújo, Bárbara & Sousa-Pinto in press), Scandinavia (Athanasiadis 1996), Spain (Miranda 1931, Valenzuela & Pérez-Cirera 1982, Pérez-Cirera & Maldonado 1982, Granja, Cremades & Barbara 1992, Bárbara, Cremades & Pérez-Cirera 1995, Bárbara & Cremades 1996, Cremades, Bárbara, Granja & Veiga 1997, Veiga, Cremades & Bárbara 1998, Peña & Bárbara 2002, Bárbara et al., 2003, Sánchez, Fernández & Rico 2003, Gorostiaga et al., 2004, Bárbara et al. 2005, Diaz-Tapia & Bárbara 2005, Peña & Bárbara 2006, Peña & Bárbara 2008, Esteban et al. 2009, Cires Rodriguez & Cuesta Moliner 2010, Diaz Tapia et al. 2011), Spitsbergen (Vinogradova 1995), Sweden (Kylin 1907, Kylin 1944, Tolstoy & Österlund 2003).

Atlantic Islands: Ascension (Price, John & Lawson 1986, John et al. 2004), Azores (Neto 1994 ), E. Greenland (Lund 1959, Pedersen 1976), Greenland (Pedersen 2011), Iceland (Caram & Jónsson 1972).

North America: Alaska (Lindstrom 1977, Wynne & Heine 1992), California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976, Silva 1979), Connecticut (Milstein & Saunders 2012), Maine (Mathieson et al. 2001, Milstein & Saunders 2012), Mexico (Dawson 1961), New Brunswick (Bates et al. 2005, Milstein & Saunders 2012), New Hampshire (Mathieson & Hehre 1986, Mathieson & Dawes 2002), Newfoundland (Milstein & Saunders 2012), Nova Scotia (Milstein & Saunders 2012), Prince Edward Island (Milstein & Saunders 2012), Rhode Island (Milstein & Saunders 2012).

South America: Argentina (Boraso & Zaixso 2011), Chile (Santelices 1989, Ramírez & Santelices 1991, Milstein & Saunders 2012), Falkland Islands (Kylin & Skottsberg 1919, Wiencke & Clayton 2002), Peru (Ramírez & Santelices 1991), Tierra del Fuego (Kylin & Skottsberg 1919), Uruguay (Howe 1931 , Coll & Oliveira 1999).

South-west Asia: India (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Sahoo et al. 2001), Iran (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Pakistan (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Sri Lanka (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

Asia: Japan (Mikami 1965, Segawa 1981), Russia (Perestenko 1980, Perestenko 1994).

Australia and New Zealand: Tasmania (Milstein & Saunders 2012).

Antarctic and the subantarctic islands: Antarctic Peninsula (Hommersand et al. 2009, Hommersand et al. 2009 ), Antarctica/Subantarctic Islands (Papenfuss 1964, Wiencke & Clayton 2002), Crozet Islands (Wiencke & Clayton 2002), Graham Land (Kylin & Skottsberg 1919), Kerguelen (Kylin & Skottsberg 1919, Wiencke & Clayton 2002), Macquarie Island (Ricker 1987, Wiencke & Clayton 2002), South Georgia (John et al. 1994, Wiencke & Clayton 2002), Tierra del Fuego (Wiencke & Clayton 2002).

(as Sterrocolax decipiens F.Schmitz)
Ireland: Mayo (Cotton 1912), Wexford (Cotton 1913).

Europe: Ireland (Cotton 1912, Cotton 1913), Spain (Miranda 1931), Sweden (Kylin 1907).

Asia: Korea (Lee & Kang 2001).

(as Porphyrodiscus simulans Batters)
Ireland: Cork (Guiry 1978), Galway (Maggs 1983), Mayo (Cotton 1912, Guiry 1978), Waterford (Guiry 1977, Guiry 1978).

Europe: Britain (Newton 1931, Dixon & Irvine 1977), Ireland (Cotton 1912, Guiry 1977, Guiry 1978, Maggs 1983).

North America: New Hampshire (Mathieson & Hehre 1986).

Taxonomic notes
For more information Guiry (1997) recommends consulting Maggs, McLachlan & Saunders (1989).

Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, pls 1-266 (colour photographs). Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Dawson, E.Y. (1961). Marine red algae of Pacific Mexico. Part 4. Gigartinales. Pacific Naturalist 2: 191-343, 63 plates.

Kjellman, F.R. (1889). Om Beringhafvets algflora. Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 23(8): 1-58, pls I-VII.

Loiseaux-de Goër, S. & Noailles, M.-C. (2008). Algues de Roscoff. pp. [1]-215, col. figs. Roscoff: Editions de la Station Biologique de Roscoff.

Maggs, C.A., McLachlan, J.L. & Saunders, G.W. (1989). Infrageneric taxonomy of Ahnfeltia (Ahnfeltiales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 25(2): 351-368.

Mikami, H. (1965). A systematic study of the Phyllophoraceae and Gigartinaceae from Japan and its vicinity. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University 5(2): 181-285.

Milstein, D. & Saunders, G.W. (2012). DNA barcoding of Canadian Ahnfeltiales (Rhodophyta) reveals a new species - Ahnfeltia borealis sp. nov.. Phycologia 51(3): 247-259.

Pedersen, P.M. (2011). Grønlands havalger. pp. [1] 7-208. Copenhagen: Forlaget Epsilon.DK.

Smith, G.M. (1944). Marine algae of the Monterey Peninsula. pp. i-ix, 1-622, 98 pls. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Zemke-White, W.L. & Ohno, M. (1999). World seaweed utilisation: an end-of-century summary. Journal of Applied Phycology 11: 369-376.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Ahnfeltia&species=plicata

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Ahnfeltia&Species=plicata

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

Created: 30 March 1996 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 22 June 2012 by Wendy Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 7333 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Chen, L.C.-M. (1977). The sporophyte of Ahnfeltia plicata (Huds.) Fries (Rhodophyceae, Gigartinales) in culture. Phycologia 16: 163-168.
Farnham, W.F. & Fletcher, R.L. (1973). Sur la présence a Roscoff du Porphyrodiscus simulans Batters, et sa relation avec l'Ahnfeltia plicata (Huds.) Fries.. Travaux Station Biologique de Roscoff, Nouvelle Série 20: 9.
Farnham, W.F. & Fletcher, R.L. (1976). The occurrence of a Porphyrodiscus simulans Batt. phase in the life history of Ahnfeltia plicata (Huds.) Fries. British Phycological Journal 11: 183-190.
Gregory, B.D. (1934). On the life history of Gymnogongrus griffithsiae Mart. and Ahnfeltia plicata Fries.. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 49: 531-551.
Haglund, K., Axelsson, L. & Pedersén, M. (1987). Photosynthesis and respiration in the alga Ahnfeltia plicata in a flow-through system. Marine Biology, Berlin 96: 409-412.
Maggs, C.A. & Pueschel, C.M. (1989). Morphology and development of Ahnfeltia plicata (Rhodophyta): proposal of Ahnfeltiales ord. nov.. Journal of Phycology 25(2): 333-351, 95 figs.
Rosenvinge, L.K. (1931). The reproduction of Ahnfeltia plicata. Det kgl. dan. Vidensk. Skr., Naturv. og Mathem. Afd. 10: 1-29.

Linking to this page: http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=25

Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 20 June 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:77488