Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup

Publication details
Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup in N. Daugbjerg, G. Hansen, J. Larsen, & Ø. Moestrup 2000: 308

Original publication: Daugbjerg, N., Hansen, G., Larsen, J. & Moestrup, Ø. (2000). Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. Phycologia 39: 302-317.

Type species
This is the type species (holotype) of the genus Karenia.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis

Type information
Type locality: Gulf of Mexico: near Naples, Florida, USA (Faust & Gulledge 2002: 38). Holotype: (Faust & Gulledge 2002: 38).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), short, of small extent (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis 1948
Ptychodiscus brevis (C.C.Davis) Steidinger 1979

Usage notes
Harmful species

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis)
Europe: Britain (Parke & Dixon 1976), Greece (Faust & Gulledge 2002), Spain (Faust & Gulledge 2002).

North America: Florida (Faust & Gulledge 2002).

Central America: Gulf of Mexico (Faust & Gulledge 2002).

Asia: Japan (Faust & Gulledge 2002).

Australia and New Zealand: New Zealand (Faust & Gulledge 2002).

(as Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup)
North America: Florida (Leblond, J.D., Evens, T.J. & Chapman, P.J. 2003, Haywood et al., 2004, de Salas et al 2005).

Source of synonymy
Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. Acta Botanica Croatica 64: 129-212.

Key references
Gomez, F. (2008). Phytoplankton invasions: Comments on the validity of categorizing the non-indigenous dinoflagellates and diatoms in European Seas . Marine Pollution Bulletin 56: 620-628.

Hallegraeff, G.M., Anderson, D.M. & Cembella, A.D., Eds (2003). Manual on harmful marine microalgae. Paris: UNESCO.

Leblond, J.D. & Lisiter, A.D. (2009). Mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol composition of dinoflagellates. II. Lepidodinium chlorophorum, Karenia brevis, and Kryptoperidinium foliaceum, three dinoflagellates with aberrant plastids. European Journal of Phycology 44(2): 199-205, 3 figs, 1 table.

Leblond, J.D., Evens, T.J. & Chapman, P.J. (2003). The biochemistry of dinoflagellate lipids, with particular reference to the fatty acid and sterol composition of a Karenia brevis bloom. Phycologia 43: 324-331, 1 fig., 2 tables.

Lindberg, K., Moestrup, Ø & Daugbjerg, N. (2005). Studies on woloszynskioid dinoflagellates I: Woloszynskia coronata re-examined using light and electron microscopy and partial LSU rDNA sequences, with description of Tovellia gen. nov. and Jadwigia gen. nov. (Tovelliaceae fam. nov.). Phycologia 44: 416-440.

Richardson, T.L., Pinckney, J.L., Walker, E.A. & Marshalonis, D.M. (2007). Photopigment radiolabelling as a tool for determining in situ growth rates of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae). European Journal of Phycology 41: 415-423.

Zhang, H., Bhattacharya, D. & Lin, S. (2005). Phylogeny of dinoflagellates based on mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear small subunit rDNA sequence comparisons. Journal of Phycology 41: 411-420.

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences
As of 2 June 2009, nucleotide sequence data are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank for 65,557 samples identified as Karenia brevis.

Created: 26 April 2002 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 04 March 2010 by Wendy Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 801 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Örnólfsdóttir, E.B., Pinckney, J.L. & Tester, P.A. (2003). Quantification of the relative abundance of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis (Dinophyta), using unique photopigments. Journal of Phycology 39: 449-457.
Giner, J.-L., Faraldos, J.A. & Boyer, G.L. (2003). Novel sterols of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae): a defensive function for unusual marine sterols?. Journal of Phycology 39: 315-319.
Haywood, A.J., Scholin, C.A., Marin III, R., Steidinger, K.A., Heil, C. & Ray, J. (2007). Molecular detection of the brevetoxin-producing dinoflagellate Karenia brevis and closely related species using rRNA-targeted probes and a semiautomated sandwich hybridization assay. Journal of Phycology 43: 1271-1286.
Leblond, J.D. & Lisiter, A.D. (2009). Mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol composition of dinoflagellates. II. Lepidodinium chlorophorum, Karenia brevis, and Kryptoperidinium foliaceum, three dinoflagellates with aberrant plastids. European Journal of Phycology 44(2): 199-205, 3 figs, 1 table.
Leblond, J.D., Evens, T.J. & Chapman, P.J. (2003). The biochemistry of dinoflagellate lipids, with particular reference to the fatty acid and sterol composition of a Karenia brevis bloom. Phycologia 43: 324-331, 1 fig., 2 tables.
Richardson, T.L., Pinckney, J.L., Walker, E.A. & Marshalonis, D.M. (2007). Photopigment radiolabelling as a tool for determining in situ growth rates of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae). European Journal of Phycology 41: 415-423.
Schaeffer, B.A., Kamykowski, D. McKay, L., Sinclair, G. & Milligan, E.J. (2007). A comparison of photoresponse among ten different Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae) isolates. Journal of Phycology 43: 702-714.
Schaeffer, B.A., Kamykowski, D., McKay, L., Sinclair, G. & Milligan, E. (2009). Lipid class, carotenoid, and toxin dynamics of Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae) during diel vertical migration. Journal of Phycology 45: 154-163.
Van Dolah, F.M., Lidie, K.B. Morey, J.S., Brunelle, S.A., Ryan, J.C., Monroe, E.A. & Haynes, B.L. (2007). Microarray analysis of diurnal- and circadian-regulated genes in the Florida red-tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology 43: 741-752.