Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Chlorophyta
Class Ulvophyceae
Order Bryopsidales
Family Caulerpaceae
Genus Caulerpa

Pictures

click on thumbnail for larger version.

Morphological complex plant of ecad uvifera and ecad lamourouxii. Palau Islands, West Pacific. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad uvifera. Palau Islands, West Pacific. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad uvifera. Palau Islands, West Pacific, 2 m deep in the sun. Hideki Yukihira. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad uvifera. Palau Islands, West Pacific, 1 m deep in the sun. 29 Oct 1995. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad lamourouxii. Palau Islands, West Pacific. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad lamourouxii. Palau Islands, West Pacific, 0.5 m deep, shady place. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad lamourouxii. Palau Islands, West Pacific, 4 m deep. Hideki Yukihira. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad macra. Palau Islands, West Pacific. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad clavifera. Palau Islands, West Pacific. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

Ecad clavifera. Palau Islands, West Pacific, 1 m deep in the sun. 15 Dec 2004. Hideo Ohba. © Palau International Coral Reef Center. From: Ohba, H., Victor, S., Golbuu, Y. & Yukihira, H. (2007) Tropical Marine Plants of Palau. pp. 153. PICRC & JICA..

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42 Found - Displaying 1 through 10

Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh Alicante, Spain; with Padina pavonia

Publication details
Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh 1873: 35-36

Original publication: Agardh, J.G. (1873). Till algernes systematik. Nya bidrag. Lunds Universitets Års-Skrift, Afdelningen for Mathematik och Naturvetenskap 9(8): 1-71.

Type species
The type species (lectotype) of the genus Caulerpa is Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskål) J.V.Lamouroux.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Fucus racemosus Forsskål

Type information
Type locality: Suez, Egypt (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996: 832). Type: C (Yoshida 1998: 101). Notes: Leg. P. Forsskål (Lipkin & Silva 2002: 65).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), with flowers borne in racemes.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Fucus racemosus Forsskål 1775

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Chauvinia clavifera var. uvifera (C.Agardh) Kützing
Fucus clavifer Turner 1807
Caulerpa obtusa J.V.Lamouroux 1809
Fucus uvifer Turner 1811
Caulerpa uvifera C.Agardh 1817
Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C.Agardh 1817
Caulerpa clavifera var. uvifera (C.Agardh) C.Agardh 1823
Chauvinia clavifera (Turner) Bory de Saint-Vincent 1829
Caulerpa racemosa var. uvifera (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1873
Caulerpa racemosa var. clavifera (Turner) Weber-van Bosse 1898
Caulerpa feldmannii Rayss & Edelstein 1960
Caulerpa racemosa var. disticha V.J.Chapman 1977

General environment
This is a Marine species.

Common names

(as Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C.Agardh)
Hawaiian: limu fuafua (Chapman & Chapman 1980).

(as Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh)
?: Lelato, Ararucip, Tahmuck (Madlener 1977), Lelatu, Limu Eka (Arasaki & Arasaki 1983).

English: Sea Grapes, Mouse plant (Madlener 1977).

Ilocano: Ar-arucep (Lembi & Waaland 1988).

Japanese: Surikogidzuta (Madlener 1977).

Tagalog: Lato (Lembi & Waaland 1988).

Tahitian: Rimu (Lembi & Waaland 1988).

(as Caulerpa racemosa var. clavifera (Turner) Weber-van Bosse)
Indonesian: Lai lai (Chapman & Chapman 1980).

Common names used in commerce, often for edible algae
sennarizuta {Jap}; nama {Fiji}; ar-arusip {Cagay}; latu {Cebu}

Usage notes
One of the three varieties occurring in the Mediterranean has invasive characteristics and has become aggressively widespread throughout the Mediterranean basin since the early 1990s; Piazzi et al. (2001) provided experimental evidence of its deleterious effects on macroalgal diversity on local scale. Verlaque et al. (2003), on the basis of molecular data, confirmed that this invasion is the result of a recent introduction and identified the invasive variety as C. racemosa var. cylindracea (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman & Boudouresque.

Distribution by country

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Fucus clavifer Turner)
South-east Asia: Singapore (Pham et al. 2011).

(as Caulerpa uvifera C.Agardh)
Australia and New Zealand: New South Wales (Huisman 2000), Norfolk Island (Huisman 2000), South Australia (Huisman 2000), Tasmania (Huisman 2000), Victoria (Huisman 2000), Western Australia (Huisman 2000).

(as Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C.Agardh)
South America: Chile (Ramírez & Santelices 1991).

Australia and New Zealand: Queensland (Lewis 1987).

Atlantic Islands: Bermuda (Taylor 1960, Maloney et al. 2011 ), Canary Islands (Gil-Rodríguez & Afonso-Carrillo 1980, Haroun Trabaue et al. 1985, Gil-Rodriguez, Afonso-Carrillo & Wildpret de la Torre 1987, Ballesteros, Sansón, Reyes, Afonso-Carrillo & Gil-Rodríguez 1992, Guadalupe et al. 1995, Haroun et al. 2002, Aldanondo-Aristizábal, Domínguez-Alvarez & Gil-Rodríguez 2003, Gil-Rodríguez et al. 2003, John et al. 2004, Barberá et al 2005, Barquín-Diez et al. 2005, Moreira-Reyes, Soler-Onís & Gil-Rodríguez 2005, Aldanondo-Aristizábal et al. 2005, Anon 2011, Anon 2011, Anon 2011, Anon 2011, Anon 2011), Cape Verde Islands (John et al. 2004, Prud'homme van Reine, Haroun & Kostermans 2005), Madeira (Neto, Cravo & Haroun 2001, John et al. 2004), Salvage Islands (John et al. 2004).

North America: Florida (Taylor 1960, Dawes 1974, Stam et al 2006), Mexico (Taylor 1960, Robledo & Freile-Pelegrín 2005).

Central America: Belize (Taylor 1960, Norris & Bucher 1982, Littler & Littler 1997), Costa Rica (Taylor 1960, Fernández-García et al. 2011), El Salvador (Fernández-García et al. 2011), Islas Revillagigedo (Taylor 1945), México (Pacific) (Pedroche et al. 2005), Panama (Taylor 1960, Taylor 1960, Kooistra 2002, Famà, Wysor, Kooistra & Zuccarello 2002, Wysor & Kooistra 2003, Wysor 2004, Fernández-García et al. 2011).

Caribbean Islands: Bahamas (Taylor 1960), Barbados (Taylor 1960, Taylor 1969), Caicos Islands (Taylor 1960), Caribbean (Littler & Littler 2000), Cuba (Taylor 1960, Cabrera, Moreira & Suárez 2004, Suárez 2005), Hispaniola (Taylor 1960), Jamaica (Taylor 1960), Lesser Antilles (Taylor 1960, Taylor 1969), Martinique (Rodríguez-Prieto, Michanek & Ivon 1999), Netherlands Antilles (Taylor 1960), Puerto Rico (Taylor 1960), Trinidad & Tobago (Taylor 1960, Richardson 1975, Duncan & Lee Lum 2006), Virgin Islands (Taylor 1960).

Western Atlantic: Trop. & Subtrop. W. Atlantic (Wynne 2011).

South America: Aves (Taylor 1960), Brazil (Taylor 1930, Taylor 1960, Joly 1965, Oliveira Filho 1977, Falcão & Menezes de Széchy 2005, Moura 2010), Colombia (Taylor 1960), Galápagos Islands (Ruiz & Ziemmeck 2011), Peru (Ramírez & Santelices 1991), Venezuela (Taylor 1960, Ganesan 1990).

Africa: Algeria (Bachir Bouiadjra et al. 2010), Côte d'Ivoire (John et al. 2004), Djibouti (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Egypt (Aleem 1950, Papenfuss 1968, Papenfuss 1968, Aleem 1993, Verlaque, Boudouresque, Meinesz & Gravez 2000, Einav 2007, Marconi et al. 2011, Marconi et al. 2011), Equatorial Guinea (John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Eritrea (Lipkin & Silva 2002), Ethiopia (Papenfuss 1968), Gabon (Lawson & John 1987, John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Ghana (Lawson & John 1987, John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Kenya (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Bolton, Oyieke & Gwanda 2007), Liberia (John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Madagascar (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Mauritius (Børgesen 1940, Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Morocco (Conde Poyales 1992, Benhissoune, Boudouresque & Verlaque 2001), Mozambique (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), São Tomé & Príncipe (Lawson & John 1987, John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Senegal (John et al. 2004), Sierra Leone (Lawson & John 1987, John, Lawson & Ameka, 2003, John et al. 2004), Somalia (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), South Africa (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Sudan (Papenfuss 1968), Tanzania (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Oliveira, Österlund & Mtolera 2005), Tunisia (Ben Maiz, Boudouresque & Quahchi 1987, Verlaque, Boudouresque, Meinesz & Gravez 2000).

Indian Ocean Islands: Aldabra Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Andaman Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Laccadive Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Maldives (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Nicobar Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Réunion (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Seychelles (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

South-west Asia: Bangladesh (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Cyprus (Einav 2007), India (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Sahoo et al. 2001, Suryanarayanan et al. 2010), Iran (Sohrabipour & Rabii 1999), Israel (Verlaque, Boudouresque, Meinesz & Gravez 2000, Einav 2007), Jordan (Papenfuss 1968), Lebanon (Verlaque, Boudouresque, Meinesz & Gravez 2000, Einav 2007), Pakistan (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Saudi Arabia (Papenfuss 1968), Sri Lanka (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Coppejans et al. 2009), Syria (Verlaque, Boudouresque, Meinesz & Gravez 2000, Einav 2007), Turkey (Asia) (Taskin et al. 2008 ), Yemen (Papenfuss 1968, Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

Asia: China (Titlyanov et al. 2011), Hong Kong (Wang et al. 2008), Korea (Lee & Kang 2001), Taiwan (Anon. 2012, Anon. 2012).

South-east Asia: Indonesia (Verheij & Prud'homme van Reine 1993, Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Malaysia (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Myanmar (Burma) (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Philippines (Silva, Meñez & Moe 1987, Verlque, Durand ,Huisman, Boudouresque & Le Parco 2003), Singapore (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Pham et al. 2011), Thailand (Coppejans et al. 2011), Vietnam (Pham-Hoàng 1969, Hodgson et al. 2004, Tien 2007, Titlyanov et al. 2011, Titlyanov & Titlyanov 2012).

Australia and New Zealand: Houtman Abrolhos (Huisman 1997, Huisman 1997, Huisman 1997, Huisman 1997, Huisman 1997, Huisman 1997), Lord Howe Island (Lewis 1987, Millar & Kraft 1994, Kraft 2000, Kraft 2007), New Zealand (Adams 1994, Broady et al. 2012), Norfolk Island (Millar 1999), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al. 2001, Littler & Littler 2003), Queensland (Lewis 1987, Phillips 1997, Phillips 2002, Verlque, Durand ,Huisman, Boudouresque & Le Parco 2003, Kraft 2007, Bostock & Holland 2010, Bostock & Holland 2010), Western Australia (Huisman & Borowitzka 2003).

Pacific Islands: American Samoa (Skelton et al. 2004), Federated States of Micronesia (Lobban & Tsuda 2003, Tsuda 2006), Fiji (N'Yeurt, South & Keats 1996, South & Skelton 2003), French Polynesia (Payri, N'Yeurt & Orempuller 2000), Hawaiian Islands (Magruder & Hunt 1979, Abbott & Huisman, 2004, Hodgson et al. 2004, Beach et al. 2006, Huisman, Abbott & Smith 2007), Mariana Islands (Tsuda 2003), Republic of Palau (Ohba et al 2007), Samoan Archipelago (Skelton & South 1999), Wake Atoll (Tsuda, Abbott & Foster 2006).

(as Caulerpa racemosa var. uvifera (C.Agardh) J.Agardh)
North America: Florida (Dawes 1974).

South America: Brazil (Taylor 1930, Joly 1957, Joly 1965), Galápagos Islands (Taylor 1945).

Africa: Mauritius (Børgesen 1951).

Asia: Japan (Okamura 1936, Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990, Yoshida 1998).

Australia and New Zealand: Queensland (Lewis 1987).

Pacific Islands: Fiji (N'Yeurt, South & Keats 1996), Marshall Islands (Taylor 1950), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey 1970).

(as Caulerpa racemosa var. clavifera (Turner) Weber-van Bosse)
North America: Florida (Dawes 1974).

Caribbean Islands: Trinidad & Tobago (Richardson 1975).

South America: Brazil (Taylor 1930).

Africa: Mauritius (Børgesen 1949).

Indian Ocean Islands: Mayotte (Verlque, Durand ,Huisman, Boudouresque & Le Parco 2003).

South-west Asia: Red Sea (Verlque, Durand ,Huisman, Boudouresque & Le Parco 2003).

Asia: China (Tseng 1984), Japan (Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990).

South-east Asia: Singapore (Teo & Wee 1983, Pham et al. 2011).

Australia and New Zealand: Northern Territory (Womersley 1958, Lewis 1987), Queensland (Lewis 1987, Cribb 1996).

Pacific Islands: Marshall Islands (Taylor 1950).

(as Caulerpa racemosa var. disticha V.J.Chapman)
Australia and New Zealand: Norfolk Island (Millar 1999).

Taxonomic notes
John et al. (2004) cite Caulerpa racemosa (Forssk) J. Agardh var. peltata (J.V. Lamour.) Eubank, Caulerpa peltata J.V. Lamour, Caulerpa occidentalis (J. Agardh) Jaasund and Caulerpa lamourouxii C. agardh as synonyms of this species.

Nomenclatural notes
Børgesen (1940) cites this species as Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) Weber van Bosse.

Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, pls 1-266 (colour photographs). Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Famá, P., Wysor, B., Kooistra, W.H.C.F. & Zuccarello, G.C. (2002). Molecular phylogeny of the genus Caulerpa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) inferred from chloroplast tufA gene. Journal of Phycology 38: 1040-1050.

Hodgson, L.M. Pham Huu Tri, Lewmanomont, K. & McDermid, K.J. (2004). Annotated checklist of species of Caulerpa and Caulerpella (Bryopsidales, Caulerpaceae) from Vietnam, Thailand and the Hawaiian Islands. In: Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with reference to the Pacific and other locations Volume IX. (Abbott, I.A. & McDermid, K.J. Eds) Vol.9, pp. 21-38.

Huisman, J.M., Abbott, I.A., Smith, C.M. (2007). Hawaiian reef plants. pp. [1]-264, numerous colour photographs. Honolulu: A publication of the University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program.

Kraft, G.T. (2007). Algae of Australia. Marine benthic algae of Lord Howe Island and the southern Great Barrier Reef, 1. Green algae. pp. [i-iv], v-vi, 1-347, 110 text-figs; 11 pls. Canberra & Melbourne: Australian Biological Resources Study & CSIRO Publishing.

Littler, D.S. & Littler, M.M. (1997). An illustrated flora of the Pelican Cays, Belize. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 9: 1-149, 190 figs.

Nuber, N., Gornik, O., Lauc, G., Bauer, N., Zuljevic, A., Papes, D. & Zoldos, V. (2007). Genetic evidence for the identity of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in the Adriatic Sea. European Journal of Phycology 42: 113-120.

Pedroche, F.F., Silva, P.C., Aguilar-Rosas, L.E., Dreckmann, K.M. & Aguilar-Rosas, R. (2005). Catálogo de las algas marinas bentónicas del Pacífico de México. I. Chlorophycota. pp. i-viii, 17-146. Ensenada, México: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.

Sauvage, T., Payri, C., Draisma, S.G.A., Prud'homme van Reine, W.F., Verbruggen, H., Belton, G.S., Gurgel, F.D., Gabriel, D., Sherwood, A.R. & Fredericq, S. (2013). Molecular diversity of the Caulerpa racemosa-Caulerpa peltata complex (Caulerpaceae, Bryopsidales) in New Caledonia, with new Australasian records for C. racemosa var. cylindracea. Phycologia 52(1): 6-13.

Sfriso, A. (2011). Chlorophyta multicellulari e fanerogame acquatiche. Ambiente di transizione italiani e litorali adiacenti. pp. [1]-318, pls 1-94. Bologna: Arpa Emilia-Romagna.

Silva, P.C., Basson, P.W. & Moe, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. University of California Publications in Botany 79: 1-1259.

Skelton, P.A. & South, G.R. (2007). The benthic marine algae of the Samoan Archipelago, South Pacific, with emphasis on the Apia District. Nova Hedwigia Beihefte 132: 1-350.

Stam, W.T., Olsen, J.L., Zaleski, S.F., Murray, S.N., Brown, K.R. & Walters, L.J. (2006). A forensic and phylogenetic survey of Caulerpa species (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) from the Florida coast, local aquarium shops, and e-commerce: establishing a proactive baseline for early detection. Journal of Phycology 42: 1113-1124.

Titlyanov, E.A. & Titlyanov, T.V. (2012). Marine plants of the Asian Pacific Region countries, their use and cultivation. pp. [1]-376, many col. photographs. Vladivostok: Dalnauka & A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Zemke-White, W.L. & Ohno, M. (1999). World seaweed utilisation: an end-of-century summary. Journal of Applied Phycology 11: 369-376.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Caulerpa&species=racemosa

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Caulerpa&Species=racemosa

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

KU-MACC Cultures
Strain Number: KU-1533, Caulerpa racemosa
Go to KU-MACC Site

Created: 16 September 1997 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 07 March 2013 by Wendy Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 23348 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Aleem, A.A. (1992). Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta) on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Phycologia 31: 205-206.
Alongi, G., Cormaci, M., Furnari, G. & Giaccone, G. (1993). Prima segnalazione di Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyceae, Caulerpales) per le coste italiane. Boll. Acc. Gioenia Sci. Nat. 26(342): 49-53.
Bachir Bouiadjra, B., Belbachir, N., Youcef Benkada, M., Maarouf, A. & Riadi, H. (2010). Sur la presence de l'algue marine Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) devant la côte Mostaganemoise (Ouest Algerie). Acta Botanica Malacitana 35: 168-171.
Ballesteros, E., Grau, A.M. & Riera, F. (1999). Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J. Agardh (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) a Mallorca. Boll. Soc. Hist. Nat. Balears 42: 63-68.
Bernardeau Esteller, J. & Martínez Garrido, J. (2010). Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea en el Mediterraneo: Estudios en la Región de Murcia. ALGAS. Boletín de Sociedad Española de Ficología 43: 19-26, 6 Fig.
Blazina, M., Ivesa, L. & Najdek, M. (2009). Caulerpa racemosa: adaptive varieties studied by fatty acid composition (Northern Adriatic Sea, Vrsar, Croatia). European Journal of Phycology 44(2): 183-189, 4 figs, 1 table.
Box, A., Sureda, A., Tauler, P., Terrados, J., Marba, N., Pons, A. & Deudero, S. (2010). Seasonality of caulerpenyne content in native Caulerpa prolifera and invasive C. taxifolia and C. racemosa var. cylindraceae in western Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina 53(4): 367-375.
Buia, M.C., Petrocelli, A. & Saracino, O.D. (1998). Caulerpa racemosa spread in the Mediterranean Sea: first record in the Gulf of Taranto. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 52: 527-529.
Capiomont, A., Breugnot, E., den Haan, M. & Meinesz, A. (2005). Phenology of a deep-water population of Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina 48: 80-83.
Capiomont, A., Breunot, E., den Hanne, M. & Meinesz, A. (2005). Phenology of a deepwater population of Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea in the northwestern Mediterranean See. Botanica Marina 48: 80-83.
Ceccherelli, G. & Campo, D. (2002). Different effects of Caulerpa racemosa on two co-occurring seagrasses in the Mediterranean. Botanica Marina 45: 71-76.
Ceccherelli, G. & Piazzi, L. (2005). Exploring the success of manual eradication of Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta): the effect of habitat. Cryptogamie 26: 319-328.
Ceccherelli, G., Cinelli, F. & L. Piazzi (2000). Response of the nonindigennous Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh to the native seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L) Delile: effect of density of shoots and orientation of edges of meadows. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 243: 227-240.
Ceccherelli, G., Cinelli, F. & L. Piazzi (2001). The development of Caulerpa racemosa at the margin of Posidonia oceanica. Fourth International Workshop on Caulerpa taxifolia : edit., GIS Posidonie publ., fr.: 376-384.
Chauhan, V.D. & Thivy, F. (1965). On a new form of Caulerpa racemosa from Gujarat, India. Phykos 4: 10-11, 9 figs.
Cirik, S. & Öztürk, B. (1991). Notes sur la présence d'une forme rare du Caulerpa racemosa, en Méditerranée orientale.. Flora Mediterranea 1: 217-219.
Crawford, G. H. & Richardson, W. N. (1972). Heterotrophic potential of the macroscopic alga Caulerpa racemosa. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 7: 262.
Durand, C., Manuel, M., Boudouresque C.F., Meinesz A., Verlaque M. & Le Parco Y. (2002). Molecular data suggest a hybrid origin for the invasive Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 15: 122-133.
Enomoto, S. & Ohba, H. (1987). Culture studies on Caulerpa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyceae) I. Reproduction and development of C. racemosa var. laetevirens. Japanese Journal of Phycology 35: 167-177.
Famà, P., Olsen, J.L., Stam, W.T. & Procaccini, G. (2000). High levels of intra- and inter-individual polymorphism in the rDNA ITS1 of Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta. European Journal of Phycology 35: 349-356.
Flagella, M.M., Lorenti, M. & Buia, M.C. (2008). Temperature response in a shallow-water Mediterranean population of Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta), and a possible strategy of season anticipation. Botanica Marina 51(4): 278-277.
Giaccone, G. & Di Martino, V. (1996). La vegetazione a Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh nella Baia di S. Panagia (Sicilia Sud-Orientale). Boll. Acc. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania 28: 59-73.
Huvá, H. (1957). Sur une variété nouvelle pour la méditeranée du Caulerpa racemosa (Forssk.) Agardh. Rec. Trav. Station mar. d'Endoume 12: 67-73.
Klein, J. & M. Verlaque (2008). The Caulerpa racemosa invasion: a critical review. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56: 205-225.
Klein, J. (2007). Impact de Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) sur les communautés macrophytiques en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. : Thèse de Doctorat, Université Aix-Marseille II, France. 315 pp.
Lipkin, Y. & Friedmann, I. (1967). Persistent juvenile stage of Caulerpa racemosa (Forskål) Agardh in the eastern Mediterranean. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 35: 243-249.
Mezgui, Y., Djellouli, A.S. & Benchick Almi (2007). Etude biométrique (Biomasse et phénologie) des populations à Caulerpa racemosa dans la Région de Bizerte (Tunisie). In: United Nations Environment Programme (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation, Marseille, France, 27-29 March 2007. Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas. 111-116 Tunis, Tunisia.
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Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 25 May 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:76335