Colaconema caespitosum (J.Agardh) Jackelman, Stegenga & J.J.Bolton

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subphylum Eurhodophytina
Class Florideophyceae
Subclass Nemaliophycidae
Order Colaconematales
Family Colaconemataceae
Genus Colaconema

Pictures

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Spanish Point, Co. Clare, Ireland; lower intertidal of exposed rocks on a limpet. 04 Aug 2004. Michael Guiry. © Michael Guiry (mike.guiry@nuigalway.ie).

Spiddal, Co. Galway, Ireland; on Patella vulgata. 30 Sep 2007. Michael Guiry. © Michael Guiry (mike.guiry@nuigalway.ie).

Colaconema caespitosum (J.Agardh) Jackelman, Stegenga & J.J.Bolton Spanish Point, Co. Clare, Ireland; lower intertidal of exposed rocks on a limpet

Publication details
Colaconema caespitosum (J.Agardh) Jackelman, Stegenga & J.J.Bolton 1991: 303

Original publication: Jackelmann, J.J., Stegenga, H.S. & Bolton, J.J. (1991). The marine benthic flora of the Cape Hangklip area and its phytogeographical affinities. South African Journal of Botany 57: 295-304, 4 figs, 1 table.

Type species
The type species (lectotype) of the genus Colaconema is Colaconema bonnemaisoniae Batters.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Callithamnion caespitosum J.Agardh

Type information
Type locality: Brest (Athanasiadis 1996: 26). Lectotype: LD Agardh No. 18011 (Womersley 1994: 56).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), growing in patches or tufts, caespitose (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Callithamnion caespitosum J.Agardh 1851
Acrochaetium caespitosum (J.Agardh) Nägeli 1862
Chantransia caespitosa (J.Agardh) Batters 1896
Audouinella caespitosa (J.Agardh) P.S.Dixon 1976
Rhodothamniella caespitosa (J.Agardh) Feldmann 1981

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Callithamnion botryocarpum Harvey 1855
Acrochaetium botryocarpum (Harvey) J.Agardh 1892
Acrochaetium polyrhizum (Harvey) J.Agardh 1892
Chantransia botryocarpa (Harvey) De Toni 1897
Audouinella botryocarpa (Harvey) Woelkerling 1971
Colaconema botryocarpum (Harvey) Stegenga 1985

General environment
This is a marine species.

Description
Forming dense, brownish-red tassel-like tufts of sparingly branched erect, uniseriate hair-like filaments. Cells oblong, 3-4 times as long as broad. Several plastids, each with a pyrenoid, against cell wall. Reproducing by monosporangia, all year around. Tetrasporangia occasionally formed in winter.

Habitat
On limpets (Patella spp.) on exposed shores and epiphytic on Codium fragile in the lower intertidal of exposed and semi-exposed coasts. Commoner on western and south-western coasts than records indicate.

Key characteristics
Association with limpets and Codium; tasellated growth form of tufts. Abundant and large monosporangia.

Similar species
Rhodochorton purpureum and Rhodothamniella floridula which are generally turf-forming and do not form monosporangia.

Distribution by country

Point data for Ireland and Britain

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Detailed distribution with sources
(as Acrochaetium caespitosum (J.Agardh) Nägeli)
Europe: Spain (Valenzuela Miranda 2002).

Australia and New Zealand: Australia (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

(as Acrochaetium botryocarpum (Harvey) J.Agardh)
Europe: Netherlands (Stegenga & Mol 1983).

(as Audouinella botryocarpa (Harvey) Woelkerling)
Europe: Ireland (Guiry, Cullinane & Whelan 1979, Guiry 1997), Spain (Barbara, Cremades & López Rodriguez 1992).

North America: North Carolina (Schneider & Searles 1991).

Australia and New Zealand: New Zealand (Adams 1994).

(as Audouinella caespitosa (J.Agardh) P.S.Dixon)
Ireland: Down (Morton 1994).

Europe: Britain (Guiry 1997), France (Dizerbo & Herpe 2007), Ireland (Dixon & Irvine 1977, Morton 1994), Italy (Furnari et al. 2003, Báez et al 2005a), Sardinia (Furnari et al. 2003), Spain (Ballesteros 1981, Ballesteros & Romero 1982, Gallardo et al. 1985, Ballesteros 1990, Guillermes, Cremades & Pérez-Cirera 1994, Báez et al 2005a).

Africa: Morocco (Báez et al 2005a), South Africa (Stegenga, Bolton & Anderson 1997).

Australia and New Zealand: New South Wales (Millar & Kraft 1993, Womersley 1994), South Australia (Womersley 1994), Tasmania (Womersley 1994), Victoria (Womersley 1994), Western Australia (Womersley 1994).

(as Rhodothamniella caespitosa (J.Agardh) Feldmann)
Europe: France (Feldmann 1954), Spain (Granja, Cremades & Barbara 1992, Guillermes, I. & Cremades, J. (1993)).

(as Colaconema caespitosum (J.Agardh) Jackelman, Stegenga & J.J.Bolton)
Europe: Britain (Hardy & Guiry 2003), France (Anon. 2012), Ireland (Guiry 2012), Spain (Peña & Bárbara 2002, Gorostiaga et al., 2004, Bárbara et al. 2005, Peña & Bárbara 2008, Cires Rodriguez & Cuesta Moliner 2010).

Western Atlantic: Trop. & Subtrop. W. Atlantic (Wynne 2011).

Australia and New Zealand: New Zealand (Nelson 2012).

Nomenclatural notes
This combination was separately proposed by Bárbara & Cremades (1996: 386) on morphological grounds, and by Harper & Saunders (2002: 473), based on molecular and morphological data, and emended generic descriptions are provided by Harper & Saunders (2002) for Acrochaetium, Audouinella, Rhodochorton (Acrochaetiaceae) and Colaconema (Colaconematales ord. nov., Colanemataceae, fam. nov.).

Source of synonymy
Jackelmann, J.J., Stegenga, H.S. & Bolton, J.J. (1991). The marine benthic flora of the Cape Hangklip area and its phytogeographical affinities. South African Journal of Botany 57: 295-304, 4 figs, 1 table.

Key references
Bárbara, I. & Cremades, J. (1996). Seaweeds of the Ría de A Coruña (NW Iberian Peninsula, Spain). Botanica Marina 39: 371-388.

Harper, J.T. & Saunders, G.W. (2002). A re-classification of the Acrochaetiales based on molecular and morphological data, and establishment of the Colaconematales, ord. nov.. British Phycological Journal 37: 463-475.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Colaconema&species=caespitosum

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Colaconema&Species=caespitosum

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

Created: 30 December 1998 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 17 September 2008 by Salvador Valenzuela Miranda

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 1442 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Garbary, D.J. & Pei, Z. (2006). Mitochondrial dynamics in red algae. 3. Filament apices in Colaconema caespitosum (Acrochaetiales) and Antithamnion cruciatum (Ceramiales). Algae 21: 323-332.
Garbary, D.J. & Zuchang, P. (2006). Mitochondrial dynamics in red algae. 3. Filament apices in Colaconema caespitosum (Acrochaetiales) and Antithamnion cruciatum (Ceramiales). Algae 21(3): 323-332, 18 figs, 6 tables.

Linking to this page: http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=14661

Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 24 May 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:68937