Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) F.S. Collins & Hervey

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Subkingdom Biliphyta
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subphylum Eurhodophytina
Class Florideophyceae
Subclass Rhodymeniophycidae
Order Gigartinales
Family Areschougiaceae
Genus Eucheuma

Pictures:

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Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; colour forms. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; green form. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; colour forms. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; harvested plants in bags. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; carrying harvested plants. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; harvested plants in bags. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

Paje, Zanzibar; fixed off-bottom cultivation; colour forms: green, brown and red. 11 Apr 2005. M.D. Guiry.

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Publication details
Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) F.S. Collins & Hervey 1917: 106-108

Original publication: Collins, F.S. & Hervey, A.B. (1917). The algae of Bermuda. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 53: 1-195, 6 pls.
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Type species
The type species (holotype) of the genus Eucheuma is Eucheuma spinosum J. Agardh.

Status of name
This is regarded as a current name.

Basionym
Fucus denticulatus N.L. Burman

Type information
Type locality: Uncertain (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996: 330). Type: LINN 1274-104 (Yoshida 1998: 801). Notes: Said to be Cape Of Good Hope, South Africa, but probably in error (Silva, Meñez & Moe, 1987: 46). See Doty (1988: 179, 180).

Synonym(s)
Fucus denticulatus N.L. Burman 1768
Fucus muricatus S.G. Gmelin 1768
Fucus spinosus Linnaeus 1771
Gigartina muricata (S.G. Gmelin) J.V. Lamouroux 1813
Sphaerococcus spinosus C. Agardh 1822
Gigartina spinosa Greville 1830
Eucheuma spinosum J. Agardh 1852
Grateloupia opposita Kützing 1867
Eucheuma muricatum (S.G. Gmelin) Weber-van Bosse 1928

General environment
This is a Marine species.

Common names used in commerce, often for edible algae
macassar; East Indian carrageen {Eng}; kirinsai {Jap}; ryukyu-tsunomata {Jap}; canot-canot {Ilo}; "carrageen, East Indian"

Usage notes
This is the "Spinosum" of commerce and a producer of iota-carrageenan. It is grown in the Philippines, Indonesia, Zanzibar, Madagascar, Kenya and Fiji.

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Grateloupia opposita Kützing)
Pacific Islands: New Caledonia (Millar & Prud'homme van Reine 2005).

(as Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) F.S. Collins & Hervey)
Caribbean Islands: Lesser Antilles (Taylor 1969).

Africa: Djibouti (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Kenya (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Wakibia et al 2006), Madagascar (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Mauritius (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Mozambique (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), South Africa (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Tanzania (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Oliveira, Österlund & Mtolera 2005).

Indian Ocean Islands: Andaman Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Nicobar Islands (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Réunion (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

South-west Asia: Bangladesh (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), India (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

Asia: China (Xia & Zhang 1999), Japan (Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990, Yoshida 1998), Taiwan (Huang 2000).

South-east Asia: Indonesia (Doty & Norris 1985, Verheij & Prud'homme van Reine 1993, Silva, Basson & Moe 1996), Philippines (Silva, Meñez & Moe 1987, Hurtado & Cheney 2003), Singapore (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).

Australia and New Zealand: Lord Howe Island (Lewis 1984), Queensland (Lewis 1984, Cribb 1996, Phillips 1997, Huisman 2000, Phillips 2002), Western Australia (Huisman 2000, Huisman & Borowitzka 2003).

Pacific Islands: Fiji (N'Yeurt, South & Keats 1996), Hawaiian Islands (Doty & Norris 1985, Abbott 1999, McDermid et al. 2005).

Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, 266 pls. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Doty, M.S. & Norris, J.N. (1985). Eucheuma species (Solieriaceae, Rhodophyta) that are major sources of carrageenan. In: Taxonomy of economic seaweeds with reference to some Pacific and Caribbean species. (Abbott, I.A. & Norris, J.N. Eds), pp. 47-61. La Jolla: California Sea Grant College Program [Report T-CSGCP-011].

Doty, M.S. (1988). Podromus ad systematica Eucheumatoideorum: a tribe of commercial seaweeds related to Eucheuma (Solieriaceae, Gigartinales). In: Taxonomy of economic seaweeds with reference to some Pacific and Caribbean species. (Abbott, I.A. Eds) Vol.2, pp. 159-207. La Jolla: California Sea Grant College Program [Report T-CSGCP-018].

McDermid, K.J., Stuercke, B. & Haleakala, O.J. (2005). Total dietary fiber content in Hawaiian marine algae. Botanica Marina 48: 437-440.

Wakibia, J.G., Bolton, J.J., Keats, D.W. & Raitt, L.M. (2006). Seasonal changes in carrageenan yield and gel properties in three commercial eucheumoids grown in southern Kenya. Botanica Marina 49: 208-215.

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences
As of 2 June 2009, nucleotide sequence data are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank for 9,086 samples identified as Eucheuma denticulatum.

Created: 19 January 1998 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 30 January 2010 by M.D. Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 30248 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Andriamampandry, A.V. (1991). Confirmation de la présence d'Eucheuma denticulatum (Burman f.) Collins et Hervey (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) à Fort-Dauphin, Madagascarq. Cryptogamie, Algologie 12: p 67.
Buriyo, A.S., Semesi, A.K. & Mtolera, M.S.P. (2001). The effect of seasons on yield and quality of carrageenan from Tanzanian alga Eucheuma denticulatum (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). South African Journal of Botany 67(3): 488-491.
Collen, J., Pederson, M., Ramazanov, R., Mtolera, M., Ngoile, M. & Semesi, A.K. (1992). Carbon assimilation of Eucheuma denticulatum. In: Proc. First International Workshop on Sustainable Seaweed Resource Development in sub-Saharan Africa. (Mshigeni, K.E., Bolton, J., Critchley, A.T. & Kiangi, G.E. Eds), pp. 77-83. Namibia: Windhoek.
Dawes, C. J., Trono Jr., G. C. & Lluisma, A. O. (1993). Clonal propagation of Eucheuma denticulatum and Kappaphycus alvarezii for Philippine seaweed farms. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 14: 379-383.
Dawes, C.J. (1992). Irradiance acclimination of the cultured Phillipine seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum. Botanica Marina 35: 189-195.
Dawes, C.J. (1995). The effect of nutrient and photon fluence on the photosynthetic responses of red and green pigmented cultivars of Eucheuma denticulatum. Botanica Marina 38: 323-327, 2 figs, 1 table.
Glenn, E.P. & Doty, M.S. (1981). Photosynthesis and respiration of the tropical red seaweeds, Eucheuma striatum (Tambalang and Elkhorn varieties) and E. denticulatum. Aquatic Botany 10: 353-364.
Granbom, M. & Pedersén, M. (1999). Carbon acquisition strategies of the red alga Eucheuma denticulatum. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 16: 349-354.
Hurtado, A.Q. & Cheney, D.P. (2003). Propagule production of Eucheuma denticulatum (Burman) Collins et Harvey by tissue culture. Botanica Marina 46: 338-341.
Mollion, J., Andriantsiferana, M. & Sekkal, M. (1990). A study of the phycocolloids from Gelidium madagascariense and Eucheuma denticulatum (Rhodophyta) collected on the south coast of Madagascar. Hydrobiologia 204/205: 655-659.
Mollion, J., Andriantsiferana, M. & Sekkal, M. (1990). A study of the phycocolloids from Gelidium madagascariense and Eucheuma denticulatum (Rhodophyta) collected on the south coasts of Madagascar. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 13: 655-659.
Mtolera, M.S.P., Collén, J., Pedersén, M. & Semesi, A.K. (1995). Destructive hydrogen peroxide production in Eucheuma denticulatum (Rhodophyta) during stress caused by elevated pH, high light intensities and competition with other species. European Journal of Phycology 30: 289-297, 5 figs, 3 tables.
Mtolera, M.S.P., Collén, J., Pedersén, M., Ekdahl, A., Abrahamsson, K. & Semesi, A.K. (1996). Stress-induced production of volatile halogenated organic compounds in Eucheuma denticulatum (Rhodophyta) caused by elevated pH and high light intensities. European Journal of Phycology 31: 89-95, 1 fig, 1 table.