Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subphylum Eurhodophytina
Class Florideophyceae
Subclass Nemaliophycidae
Order Nemaliales
Family Liagoraceae
Genus Nemalion

Pictures

click on thumbnail for larger version.

South of Portugal, 2010. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

with Fucus vesiculosus var. compressus, North of Galicia, Spain, 2010. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

2011-08-04. 04 Aug 2011. David Fenwick (davidfenwicksnr@googlemail.com). © David Fenwick .

Nemalion helminthoides, Wineglass Bay, Tasmania. 04 Nov 2009. M.D. Guiry. © Michael Guiry (mike.guiry@nuigalway.ie).

Spain, Galicia, Ría de Ares, 2009. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

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Scytonema intricatum Bory de Saint-Vincent

Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters Spain, Galicia, Ría de Ares, 2009

Publication details
Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters 1902: 59

Original publication: Batters, E.A.L. (1902). A catalogue of the British marine algae. Journal of Botany, British and Foreign 40(Supplement): 1-107.
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Type species
The type species (holotype) of the genus Nemalion is Nemalion lubricum Duby.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Fucus helminthoides Velley

Type information
Type locality: Portland, England (Womersley 1994: 81). Lectotype: LIV (Womersley 1994: 81). Notes: Batters (1902: 59) "e spec. auth. in Herb. Kew.", which could be considered a lectotypification.

Origin of species name
Compound (Greek), worm-like (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Fucus helminthoides Velley 1792

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Ulva rubra Hudson 1778
Chaetophora rubra (Hudson) C.Agardh 1812
Mesogloia hudsonii C.Agardh 1824
Rivularia rubra (Hudson) Wahlenberg 1826
Mesogloia rubra (Hudson) Areschoug 1840
Nemalion hudsonii (C.Agardh) Chauvin 1842
Boanema scoparia Ercegovic 1927

General environment
This is a Marine species.

Common names

(as Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters)
English: Threadweed (Madlener 1977), Sea Noodles (Chapman & Chapman 1980), Sea Noodle (Bunker et al. 2010).

Japanese: Umisomen, Tsukomo Nori (Madlener 1977).

Description
Cylindrical, reddish to purple brown, softly gelatinous thallus, simple or sparingly dichotomously branched, to 2 mm wide, to 250 mm long, with discoid base.

Habitat
World-wide on temperate coasts during summer (Womersley 1994: 81). Summer annual (May or June-September or October) on exposed rocky shores, generally growing on barnacles and limpets in the lower intertidal, locally common on southern and western shores, rare and local on east coasts.

Similar species
Helminthocladia calvadosii (Lamouroux ex Duby) Setchell is a relatively rare subtidal species found on western and southern shores of Ireland and Britain. It is generally larger and broader than Nemalion and more profusely and irregularly branched. Helminthora divaricata is more profusely branched and is an epiphyte of Polyides rotundus.

Distribution by country

Point data for Ireland and Britain

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Detailed distribution with sources
(as Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters)
Ireland: Antrim (Morton 1994), Clare (Pybus 1977, Guiry 1978, De Valéra et al. 1979), Cork (Cullinane 1971, Guiry 1978), Derry (Morton 1994), Donegal (Morton 2003), Down (Morton 1994), Dublin (Roden 1981), Galway (Guiry 1978), Kerry (Guiry 1978), Mayo (Cotton 1912, Guiry 1978), Sligo (Cullinane 1970), Waterford (Guiry 1977, Guiry 1978), Wexford (Norton 1970, Guiry 1978).

Europe: Adriatic (Giaccone 1978, Ercegovic 1980), Balearic Islands (, Navarro & Bellón 1945, Ribera Siguán 1983, Ribera Siguán & Gómez Garreta 1984), Britain (Newton 1931, Dixon & Irvine 1977, Guiry 1997, Hardy & Guiry 2003), Bulgaria (Dimitrova-Konaklieva 1981, Berov et al. 2012), Corsica (Boudouresque & Perret 1977, Demoulin, Janssen & Licot 1980), France (Feldmann 1939, Feldmann 1954, Coppejans 1972, Ben Maiz, Boudouresque, Lauret & Riouall 1988, Verlaque 2001, Dizerbo & Herpe 2007, Loiseaux-de Goër & Noailles 2008, Le Gall & Saunders 2010, Anon. 2012), Greece (Gerloff & Geissler 1974, Haritonidis & Tsekos 1976, Tsekos & Haritonidis 1977, Athanasiadis 1987), Helgoland (Bartsch & Kuhlenkamp 2000), Ireland (Cotton 1912, Cullinane 1971, Pybus 1977, Guiry 1977, Guiry 1978, De Valéra et al. 1979, Morton 1994), Italy (Giaccone 1969, Edwards et al. 1975, Cinelli et al. 1976, Furnari, Cormaci & Serio 1999, Rindi, Sartoni & Cinelli 2002, Furnari et al. 2003, Furnari et al. 2003, Furnari et al. 2003, Furnari et al. 2003), Netherlands (Stegenga & Mol 1983), Norway (Rueness 1997), Portugal (Ardré 1970, Araújo et al., 2003, Araujo et al. 2009, Araújo, Bárbara & Sousa-Pinto in press), Sardinia (Furnari et al. 2003), Scandinavia (Athanasiadis 1996), Spain (Seoane-Camba 1965, Ballesteros 1981, Barcelo & Seoane 1982, Pérez-Cirera & Maldonado 1982, Ballesteros & Romero 1982, Fernández & Niell 1982, Anadón 1983, Pérez-Ruzafa & Honrubia 1984, Gallardo et al. 1985, Ramos Esplá 1985, Rodriguez Prieto & Polo Alberti 1988, Soto & Conde 1989, Granja, Cremades & Barbara 1992, Bárbara, Cremades & Pérez-Cirera 1995, Conde et al. 1996, Bárbara & Cremades 1996, Valenzuela Miranda 2002, Gorostiaga et al., 2004, Diaz-Tapia & Bárbara 2005, Esteban et al. 2009, Cires Rodriguez & Cuesta Moliner 2010, Le Gall & Saunders 2010), Turkey (Europe) (Güven & Öztig 1971, Taskin et al. 2008).

Atlantic Islands: Azores (Tittley & Neto 1994, Neto 1994, Haroun et al. 2002), Canary Islands (Gil-Rodríguez & Afonso-Carrillo 1980, Gil-Rodriguez et al. 1985, Gil-Rodríguez et al. 2003, John et al. 2004, O'Dwyer & Afonso-Carrillo 2005, Anon 2011), Salvage Islands (Parente et al. 2000, John et al. 2004).

North America: Alaska (Lindstrom 1977, Scagel et al. 1989, Lindeberg & Lindstrom 2010 ), British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989), California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976, Scagel et al. 1989, Stewart 1991, Miller 2012), Mexico (Dawson 1953), New Hampshire (Mathieson & Hehre 1986), Oregon (Hansen 1997), Washington (Scagel et al. 1989).

Western Atlantic: Trop. & Subtrop. W. Atlantic (Wynne 2011).

South America: Argentina (Pujals 1960, Pérez Recaldea et al. 2009, Boraso & Zaixso 2011), Brazil (Taylor 1960, Oliveira Filho 1977, Creed et al. 2010), Colombia (Díaz-Pulido & Díaz-Ruíz 2003), Uruguay (Taylor 1960, Coll & Oliveira 1999).

Africa: Egypt (Aleem 1993), Morocco (Dangeard 1949, Gil-Rodriguez & Socorro Hernández 1986), Senegal (John et al. 2004), Tunisia (Ben Maiz, Boudouresque & Quahchi 1987), Western Sahara (John et al. 2004).

South-west Asia: Israel (Hoffman 2004, Einav 2007), Turkey (Asia) (Taskin et al. 2008).

Asia: Japan (Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990).

Australia and New Zealand: New South Wales (Millar & Kraft 1993, Womersley 1994, Huisman & Womersley 2006), New Zealand (Adams 1994, Nelson & Phillips 1996, Nelson 2012), Queensland (Cribb 1996, Phillips 1997, Phillips 2002, Huisman & Womersley 2006, Bostock & Holland 2010), South Australia (Womersley 1994, Huisman & Womersley 2006), Tasmania (Womersley 1994, Huisman & Womersley 2006, Le Gall & Saunders 2010 ), Victoria (Womersley 1994, Huisman & Womersley 2006).

Taxonomic notes
Nemalion multifidum (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Endlichter is considered to be a separate species by Söderström (1970) and Nielsen et al. (1995), and the matter has not been fully resolved. Further, in making the combination Chaetophora rubra, based on Ulva rubra Hudson, C. Agardh (1812) cites Rivularia multifida Weber & Mohr 1804 as a synonym which led authors to regard this entity as a Nemaiion. If it does indeed represent this entity, Ulva rubra would be the earliest name for the complex; however, Hudson's material from the south coast of England has not been re-examined.

Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, pls 1-266 (colour photographs). Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Dixon, P.S. & Irvine, L.M. (1977). Seaweeds of the British Isles. Volume 1. Rhodophyta. Part 1. Introduction, Nemaliales, Gigartinales. pp. [i]v-xi, [1]4-252, 90 figs. London: British Museum (Natural History).

Funk, G. (1955). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Meeresalgen von Neapel: Zugleich mikrophotographischer Atlas. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 25(Suppl.): i-x , 1- 178, 36 figs.

Hollenberg, G.J. & Abbott, I.A. (1966). Supplement to Smith's marine algae of the Monterey Peninsula. pp. ix (xii), 1-130, 53 figs. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Huisman, J.M. & Womersley, H.B.S. (2006). Nemalion. In: Algae of Australia. (Huisman, J.M. Eds), pp. 77-78. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study.

Le Gall, L. & Saunders, G.W. (2010). Establishment of a DNA-barcode library for the Nemaliales (Rhodophyta) from Canada and France uncovers overlooked diversity in the species Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters. Cryptogamie Algologie 31(4): 403-421.

Lindeberg, M.R. & Lindstrom, S.C. (2010). Field guide to the seaweeds of Alaska. pp. [i-]iii-iv, 1-188, numerous col. photographs. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program.

Loiseaux-de Goër, S. & Noailles, M.-C. (2008). Algues de Roscoff. pp. [1]-215, col. figs. Roscoff: Editions de la Station Biologique de Roscoff.

Rodríguez-Prieto, C., Ballesteros, E., Boisset, F. & Afonso-Carrillo, J. (2013). Guía de las macroalgas y fanerógamas marinas del Mediterráneo occidental. pp. [1]-656. Barcelona: Ediciones Omega, S.A..

Womersley, H.B.S. (1994). The marine benthic flora of southern Australia - Part IIIA - Bangiophyceae and Florideophyceae (Acrochaetiales, Nemaliales, Gelidiales, Hildenbrandiales and Gigartinales sensu lato). pp. 1-508, 167 figs, 4 pls, 4 maps. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study.

Wynne, M.J. (2005). A check-list of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: second revision. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 129: 1-152.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Nemalion&species=helminthoides

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Nemalion&Species=helminthoides

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

Created: 30 March 1996 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 30 April 2013 by M.D. Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 9815 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Chang, T.J. (1962). Studies on the life history of Nemalion I. The prostrate filaments of Nemalion helminthoides (Valley) Batt. var. vermiculare (Sur.) Tseng and their monospores. Acta Botanica Sinica 10(1): 51-58, 2 plates.
Chen, L.C.-M., Edelstein, T., Bird, C. & Yabu, H. (1978). A culture and cytological study of the life history of Nemalion helminthoides (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales). Proc. N. S. Inst. Sci. 28: 191-199.
Cunningham, E.M. & Guiry, M.D. (1986). Effects of nutrient concentration on the development and reproduction of Nemalion helminthoides (Rhodophyta) in culture. British Phycological Journal 21: 327-328.
Cunningham, E.M. & Guiry, M.D. (1989). A circadian rhythm in the long-day photoperiodic induction of erect axis development in the marine red alga Nemalion helminthoides. Journal of Phycology 25: 705-712.
Duckett, J.G., Buchanan, J.S., Peel, M.C. & Martin, M.T. (1974). An ultrastructural study of pit connections and percurrent proliferations in the red alga Nemalion helminthoides (Vell. in With.) Batt.. New Phytologist 73: 497-507.
Le Gall, L. & Saunders, G.W. (2010). Establishment of a DNA-barcode library for the Nemaliales (Rhodophyta) from Canada and France uncovers overlooked diversity in the species Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters. Cryptogamie Algologie 31(4): 403-421.
Magne, F. (1961). Sur le cycle cytologie du Nemalion helminthoides (Velley) Batters. Acad des Sci 252: 157-159.
O'Dwyer, J. & Afonso-Carrillo, J. (2005). Morfología y distribución de Nemalion helminthoides en las islas Canarias (Rhodophyta, Liagoraceae). Vieraea 33: 105-118.
Pérez Recaldea, M., Nosedac, M.D., Pujolb, C.A., Carluccib, M.J. & Matulewicz, M.C. (2009). Sulfated mannans from the red seaweed Nemalion helminthoides of the South Atlantic. Phytochemistry 70: 1062-1068.
Ramm-Anderson, S.M. & Wetherbee, R. (1982). Structure and development of the carposporophyte of Nemalion helminthoides (Nemalionales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 18: 133-141.

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Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 23 May 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:77485