Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss
Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Chromista
Subkingdom Chromobiota
Infrakingdom Heterokonta
Phylum Heterokontophyta
Class Phaeophyceae
Order Laminariales
Family Lessoniaceae
Genus Ecklonia
- Uses and Compounds
- Aquaculture Data
- Taxonomy
- References
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Pictures:
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Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; beds with False Bay in the background. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water overlooking False Bay. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants in pools with Bifurcariopsis capensis. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; sea urchins using plants as parasols. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water ; 10.5 mm lens. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water; 10.5 mm lens. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water with False Bay in background; 10.5 mm lens. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water with False Bay in background; 10.5 mm lens. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
Buffels Bay, Cape Peninsula Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa; plants at low water with False Bay in background; 10.5 mm lens. 07 Oct 2005. M.D. Guiry.
92 Found - Displaying 1 through 10
Publication details
Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss 1940: 7
Original publication: Papenfuss, G.F. (1940). A revision of the South African marine algae in herbarium Thunberg. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalensis 4(3): 1-17.
Type species
The type species (holotype) of the genus Ecklonia is Ecklonia buccinalis (Linnaeus) Hornemann.
Status of name
This is regarded as a current name.
Basionym
Fucus maximus Osbeck
Type information
Type locality: Cape of Good Hope, South Africa (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996: 639).
Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), largest.
Synonym(s)
Fucus maximus Osbeck 1757
Fucus buccinalis Linnaeus 1771
Laminaria buccinalis (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux 1813
Laminaria flabellum Bory de Saint-Vincent 1826
Laminaria buccinalis var. macloviana Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828
Ecklonia buccinalis (Linnaeus) Hornemann 1828
General environment
This is a Marine species.
Detailed distribution with sources
(as Ecklonia buccinalis (Linnaeus) Hornemann)
Atlantic Islands: St Helena (Price, John & Lawson 1978).
Africa: South Africa (Price, John & Lawson 1978).
(as Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss)
Atlantic Islands: St Helena (John et al. 2004).
South America: Falkland Islands (Papenfuss 1964).
Africa: Namibia (Rull Lluch 2002, John et al. 2004), South Africa (Price, John & Lawson 1978, Chapman & Chapman 1980, Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Stegenga, Bolton & Anderson 1997).
Indian Ocean Islands: St. Paul Island (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996).
Australia and New Zealand: Auckland Islands (Papenfuss 1964).
Taxonomic notes
According to Silva et al. (1996: 639) the name Lessonia nigrescens has been misapplied to this species by Hohenacker (1854 [1852-1862]: no. 162) and Barton (1893: 112).
Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, 266 pls. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.
NCBI Nucleotide Sequences
As of 2 June 2009, nucleotide sequence data are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank for 2 samples identified as Ecklonia maxima.
KU-MACC Cultures
Strain Numbers: KU-1116, KU-1125, Ecklonia maxima
Go to KU-MACC Site
Created: 07 February 1998 by M.D. Guiry
Verified by: 02 January 2010 by M.D. Guiry
Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 23349 times since it was created.
References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)
Anderson, R.J., Rothman, M.D., Share, A. & Drummond, H. (2007). Harvesting of the kelp Ecklonia maxima in South Africa affects its three obligate, red algal epiphytes. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 18: 117-123.
Bolton, J.J. & Levitt, G.L. (1985). Light and temperature requirements for growth and reproduction in gametophytes of Ecklonia maxima (Alariaceae: Laminariales). Marine Biology, Berlin 87: 131-135.
Crouch, I.J. & Vanstaden, J. (1991). Evidence for rooting factors in a seaweed concentrate prepared from Ecklonia maxima. Journal of Plant Physiology 137(3): 319-322.
Featonby-Smith, B.C. & van Staden, J. (1984). Identification and seasonal variation of endogenous cytokinins in Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenf.. Botanica Marina 27: 524-531.
Hofman, P.J., Featonby-Smith, B.C. & van Staden, J. (1986). The development of ELISA and IRA for cytokinin estimation and their application to a study of lunar periodicity in Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenf.. J. Pl. Physiol. 122: 455-466.
Joska, M.A.P. & Bolton, J.J. (1987). In situ measurement of zoospore release and seasonality of reproduction in Ecklonia maxima (Alariaceae, Laminariales). British Phycological Journal 22: 209-214.
Mann, K.H., Jarman, N. & Dieckmann, G. (1979). Development of a method for measuring the productivity of the kelp Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenf.. Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 44: 27-41.
Papenfuss, G.F. (1942). Studies of South African Phaeophyceae. I. Ecklonia maxima, Laminaria pallida, Macrocystis pyrifera. American Journal of Botany 29: 15-24.
Rothman, M.D., Anderson, R.J. & Smit, A.J. (2007). The effects of harvesting of the South African kelp (Ecklonia maxima) on kelp population structure, growth rate and recruitment. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 18: 109-115.
Rotmann, K.W.G, Ruscoe, W.M. & Rotman, H.G. (2003). The economic importance of Ecklonia maxima and other kelps in the southern Cape region of South Africa. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 17: 131-136.
Tugwell, S. & Branch, G.M. (1989). Differential polyphenolic distribution among tissues in the kelps Ecklonia maxima, Laminaria pallida and Macrocystis angustifolia in relation to plant-defense theory. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 129: 219-230.
Weiersbye, I.M., Otter, L.B., Eccles, N.S., Critchley, A.T. & Pfab, M.F. (2001). Benefits and constraints of using beach-strewn kelp (Ecklonia maxima) to improve crop growth in degraded soils. In: Breakthrough opportunities from the world's bioresources. (Mshigeni, K.E. & Bisanda, E. Eds), pp. 149-165. University of Namibia.
