Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Chromista
Phylum Ochrophyta
Class Phaeophyceae
Order Laminariales
Family Chordaceae
Genus Chorda

Pictures

click on thumbnail for larger version.

Peter the Great Bay, Russia. 27 Mar 2012. Oksana Belous. © Oksana Belous (ksu_bio@mail.ru).

Spain, Galicia, 2010. 24 Oct 2011. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

Chorda filum, Curragh, Co. Waterford, Ireland; drift plants. 27 Aug 2010. M.D. Guiry" . © Michael Guiry (mike.guiry@nuigalway.ie).

Smerwick Harbour, Co. Kerry, Ireland. 12 Aug 2010. M.D. Guiry. © Michael Guiry (mike.guiry@nuigalway.ie).

Spain, Ría de Arousa. Ignacio Bárbara. © Ignacio Bárbara (barbara@udc.es).

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18 Found - Displaying 1 through 10

Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse Newfoundland; sperm showing that the long posterior flagellum typical of sperm of Laminariales is present in this primitive species

Publication details
Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse 1797: xxiv, 40, pl. X

Original publication: Stackhouse, J. (1797). Nereis britannica; continens species omnes fucorum in insulis britannicis crescentium: descriptione latine et anglico, necnon iconibus ad vivum depictis... Fasc. 2. pp. ix-xxiv, 31-70, pls IX-XIII. Bathoniae [Bath] & Londini [London]: S. Hazard; J. White.
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Type species
This is the type species (holotype) of the genus Chorda.

Status of name
This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.

Basionym
Fucus filum Linnaeus

Type information
Type locality: in Oceano Atlantico (Athanasiadis 1996: 207).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), a thread (Stearn 1973).

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Fucus filum Linnaeus 1753
Ceramium filum (Linnaeus) R.H.Wiggers 1780
Chordaria filum (Linnaeus) C.Agardh 1817
Scytosiphon filum (Linaeus) C.Agardh 1820
Chondrus filum (Linnaeus) J.V.Lamouroux 1824

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Chorda filum var. thrix W.J.Hooker
Fucus filiformis Strøm 1762
Chorda filum var. subtomentosa Areschoug 1875
Chorda filum f. subtomentosa (Areschoug) Kjellman 1883

General environment
This is a Marine species.

Common names

(as Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse)
English: Dead Men's Ropes, Mermaid's Tresses, Cat gut, Sea lace (Dickinson 1963), Mermaid's fishing line (Madlener 1977), Sea Laces (Anonymous 1978), Mermaid's Line (Chapman & Chapman 1980), Bootlace Weed (Bunker et al. 2010).

Gaeilge: Roccálach, Ruadhálach (Brennan 1950), Ruálach, Doruithe Briain (Anonymous 1978).

German: Meersaite (Braune 2008).

Japanese: Tsurumo (Madlener 1977).

Swedish: Sudare (Tolstoy & Österlund 2003).

Common names used in commerce, often for edible algae
fil de mer {Fr}; meersaite {Ger}; sea lace {Eng}; "lace, sea"

Distribution by country

Point data for Ireland and Britain

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Detailed distribution with sources
(as Chorda filum var. thrix W.J.Hooker)
Europe: Britain (Newton 1931).

(as Fucus filum Linnaeus)
Ireland: Wexford (Tighe 1803).

Europe: Ireland (Tighe 1803).

(as Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse)
Arctic: Canada (Arctic) (Taylor 1957, Lee 1980), Svalbard (Fredriksen & Kile 2012, Hop et al. 2012).

Ireland: Antrim (Adams 1907, Guiry 1978, Morton 1994), Clare (De Valéra et al. 1979), Cork (Renouf 1931, Cullinane 1971, Guiry 1978), Derry (Morton 1994), Donegal (Guiry 1978, Morton 2003), Down (Morton 1974, Guiry 1978, Morton 1994), Dublin (Sanders 1860, Guiry 1978), Galway (Guiry 1978), Kerry (Guiry 1978, Whelan & Cullinane 1985), Mayo (Cotton 1912, Guiry 1978), Waterford (Guiry 1978), Wexford (Norton 1970, Guiry 1978).

Europe: Baltic Sea (Nielsen et al. 1995), Belgium (Coppejans 1995), Britain (Newton 1931, Hardy & Guiry 2003, Saskai & Kawai 2007), Denmark (Larsen & Sand-Jensen 2006, Saskai & Kawai 2007), Faroe Islands (Irvine 1982), France (Feldmann 1954, Ben Maiz, Boudouresque, Lauret & Riouall 1988, Ribera et al. 1992, Verlaque 2001, Saskai & Kawai 2007, Dizerbo & Herpe 2007, Loiseaux-de Goër & Noailles 2008, Silberfeld et al. 2011, Anon. 2012), Greece (Gerloff & Geissler 1974), Helgoland (Bartsch & Kuhlenkamp 2000), Ireland (Adams 1907, Cotton 1912, Cullinane 1971, Guiry 1978, De Valéra et al. 1979, Whelan & Cullinane 1985, Morton 1994, Guiry 2012), Netherlands (Stegenga & Mol 1983, Stegenga, Kaaremans & Simons 2007), Norway (Rueness 1997, Saskai & Kawai 2007), Portugal (De Mesquita Rodrigues 1963, Ardré 1970, Araujo et al. 2009), Scandinavia (Athanasiadis 1996), Spain (Miranda 1931, Miranda 1934, Anadón 1983, Pérez-Cirera 1989, Bárbara & Cremades 1996, Cremades, Bárbara, Granja & Veiga 1997, Pérez-Cirera 2004, Bárbara et al. 2005, Cires Rodriguez & Cuesta Moliner 2010), Spitsbergen (Vinogradova 1995), Sweden (Kylin 1907, Kylin 1947, Tolstoy & Österlund 2003, Saskai & Kawai 2007), Turkey (Europe) (Taskin et al. 2008 ).

Atlantic Islands: Canary Islands (Price, John & Lawson 1978), E. Greenland (Lund 1959, Pedersen 1976), Greenland (Saskai & Kawai 2007, Pedersen 2011), Iceland (Caram & Jónsson 1972, Saskai & Kawai 2007).

North America: Alaska (Lindstrom 1977, Scagel et al. 1989, Saskai & Kawai 2007, Lindeberg & Lindstrom 2010), Connecticut (Van Patten 2009), Labrador (Taylor 1957), Maine (Mathieson et al. 2001), New Brunswick (Lane et al. 2006), New Hampshire (Mathieson & Hehre 1986), New Jersey (Taylor 1957), Newfoundland (Taylor 1957), Quebec (Taylor 1957), Washington (Saskai & Kawai 2007).

South-west Asia: Turkey (Asia) (Taskin et al. 2008 ).

Asia: China (Tseng 1984, Saskai & Kawai 2007, Zeng 2009), Japan (Okamura 1936, Segawa 1981, Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990, Yoshida 1998, Cho, Lee & Boo 2004), Korea (Lee & Kang 2001, Lee 2008, Cho 2010), Russia (Perestenko 1980, Saskai & Kawai 2007, Kozhenkova 2009).

(as Chorda filum var. subtomentosa Areschoug)
Europe: Britain (Newton 1931).

Key references
Boo, S.M. & Ko, Y.D. (2012). Marine plants from Korea. pp. [1] 5-233, many col. photographs. Seoul: Marine & Extreme Genome Research Centre Program.

Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, pls 1-266 (colour photographs). Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Cho, G.Y. (2010). Laminariales. In: Algal flora of Korea. Volume 2, Number 2. Heterokontophyta: Phaeophyceae: Ishigeales, Dictyotales, Desmarestiales, Sphacelariales, Cutleriales, Ralfisales, Laminariales. (Anon. Eds), pp. 175-196. Incheon: National Institute of Biological Resources.

Cormaci, M., Furnari, G., Catra, M., Alongi, G. & Giaccone, G. (2012). Flora marina bentonica del Mediterraneo: Phaeophyceae. Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia 45: 1-508.

De Toni, G.B. (1895). Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum. Vol. III. Fucoideae. Vol. 3 pp. [i]-xvi, [1]-638. Patavii [Padua]: Sumptibus auctoris.

Kawai, H., Sasaki, H., Maeda, Y. & Arai, S. (2001). Morphology, life history, and molecular phylogeny of Chorda rigida, sp. nov. (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) from the Sea of Japan and the genetic diversity of Chorda filum. Journal of Phycology 37: 130-142.

Lane, C.E., Mayes, C., Druehl, L.D. & Saunders, G.W. (2006). A multi-gene molecular investigation of the kelp (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) supports substantial taxonomic re-organization. Journal of Phycology 42: 493-512.

Lindeberg, M.R. & Lindstrom, S.C. (2010). Field guide to the seaweeds of Alaska. pp. [i-]iii-iv, 1-188, numerous col. photographs. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program.

Loiseaux-de Goër, S. & Noailles, M.-C. (2008). Algues de Roscoff. pp. [1]-215, col. figs. Roscoff: Editions de la Station Biologique de Roscoff.

Pedersen, P.M. (2011). Grønlands havalger. pp. [1] 7-208. Copenhagen: Forlaget Epsilon.DK.

Sasaki, H. & Kawai, H. (2007). Taxonomic revision of the genus Chorda (Chordaceae, Laminariales) on the basis of sporophyte anatomy and molecular phylogeny. Phycologia 46: 10-21.

SAG Cultures
SAG Cultures may be viewed at http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/showstrains.php?genus=Chorda&species=filum

SCCAP Cultures
Cultures from the Scandinavian Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Copenhagen (SCCAP) and Protozoa may be viewed at http://www.sccap.dk/search/algaebase.asp?Genus=Chorda&Species=filum

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences

KU-MACC Cultures
Strain Numbers: KU-213, KU-214, KU-503, KU-505, KU-495, KU-496, KU-1148, KU-1149, KU-1156, KU-1157, Chorda filum
Go to KU-MACC Site

Created: 31 March 1996 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 12 February 2013 by M.D. Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 6606 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Izquierdo, J.L., Gallardo, T. & Pérez-Ruzafa, I. (1996). Mapas de distribución de algas marinas de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. IX. Sacchorhiza polyschides (Lightf.) Batt. y Chorda filum (L.) Stackh. (Laminariales, Fucophyceae). Botanica Complutensis 20: 105-115.
Kawai, H., Sasaki, H., Maeda, Y. & Arai, S. (2001). Morphology, life history, and molecular phylogeny of Chorda rigida, sp. nov. (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) from the Sea of Japan and the genetic diversity of Chorda filum. Journal of Phycology 37: 130-142.
Kogame, Y. & Kawai, H. (1996). Development of the intercalary meristem in Chorda filum (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) and other primitive Laminariales. Phycological Research 44: 247-260.
Lee, Y.-P. & Oh, Y.-S. (1998). Morphology and anatomy of Chorda filum (Linnaeus) Stackhouse (Chordaceae, Phaeophyta) in Korea. Algae (The Korean Journal of Phycology) 13(1): 69-77, 5 figs.
Novaczek, I., Bird, C.J. & McLachlan, J. (1986). The effect of temperature on development and reproduction in Chorda filum and C. tomentosa (Phaeophyta, Laminariales) from Nova Scotia. Canadian Journal of Botany 64: 2414-2420.
Ohmi, H. (1954). New species of Porphyra, epiphytic on Chorda filum from Hokkaido. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University 5: 231-239.
Riouall, R. (1985). Sur la présence dans l'Etange de Thau (Hérault-France) de Sphaerotrichia divaricata (C. Ag.) Kylin et Chorda filum (L.) Stackhouse. Botanica Marina 28: 83-86.
Russell, G. (1987). Note on Baltic Chorda filum. British Phycological Journal 22: 311.
South, G.R. & Burrows, E.M. (1967). Studies on marine algae of the British Isles. 5. Chorda filum (L.) Stackh.. British Phycological Bulletin 3: 379-402.

Linking to this page: http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=77

Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 24 May 2013.

Algaebase taxon LSID: urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:77436