Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt

Classification:
Empire Eukaryota
Kingdom Chromista
Subkingdom Chromobiota
Infrakingdom Heterokonta
Phylum Heterokontophyta
Class Phaeophyceae
Order Fucales
Family Sargassaceae
Genus Sargassum

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Finavarra, Co. Clare, Ireland; apex of mature frond with bladders and receptacles. 23 Jul 2009. M.D. Guiry.

Finavarra, Co. Clare, Ireland; apex of mature frond. 23 Jul 2009. M.D. Guiry.

Finavarra, Co. Clare, Ireland; receptacles. 23 Jul 2009. M.D. Guiry.

Finavarra, Co. Clare, Ireland; fertile receptacles. 23 Jul 2009. M.D. Guiry.

Finavarra, Co. Clare, Ireland; apex of mature frond with bladders. 23 Jul 2009. M.D. Guiry.

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Publication details
Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt 1955: 306

Original publication: Fensholt, D.E. (1955). An emendation of the genus Cystophyllum (Fucales). American Journal of Botany 42: 305-322, 51 figs.

Type species
The type species (holotype) of the genus Sargassum is Sargassum bacciferum (Turner) C. Agardh.

Status of name
This is regarded as a current name.

Basionym
Sargassum kjellmanianum f. muticum Yendo

Type information
Lectotype locality: Takashima, Hokkaido, Japan (Yoshida 1978: 122).

Origin of species name
Adjective (Latin), without a point, awnless, blunt (Stearn 1973).

Synonym(s)
Sargassum kjellmanianum f. muticum Yendo 1907

General environment
This is a marine species.

Detailed distribution with sources
(as Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt)
Ireland: Cork (Simkanin 2004), Down (Boaden 1995, Simkanin 2004), Galway (Loughnane & Stengel 2002, Simkanin 2004), Kerry (Simkanin 2004).

Europe: Adriatic (Curiel et al.1998), Balearic Islands (Rull Lluch et al. 1994), Baltic Sea (Nielsen et al. 1995), Britain (Hardy & Guiry 2003), France (Ben Maiz, Boudouresque, Lauret & Riouall 1988, Ribera et al. 1992, Coppejans 1995, Verlaque 2001, Connan et al 2006, Dizerbo & Herpe 2007, Loiseaux-de Goër & Noailles 2008), Helgoland (Bartsch & Kuhlenkamp 2000), Ireland (Boaden 1995, Stokes, O'Neill & McDonald 2004), Italy (Furnari, Cormaci & Serio 1999), Netherlands (Stegenga & Mol 1983, Stegenga, Kaaremans & Simons 2007), Norway (Rueness 1997), Portugal (Rull Lluch et al. 1994, Ribera et al. 1995, Araújo et al., 2003, Valera-Alvarez et al 2006, Engelen et al. 2008, Araujo et al. 2009, Araújo, Bárbara & Sousa-Pinto in press), Scandinavia (Athanasiadis 1996), Spain (Casares Pascual et al. 1987, Pérez-Cirera, Cremades & Bárbara 1989, Fernández, Gutiérrez & Rico 1990, Granja, Cremades & Barbara 1992, Rull Lluch et al. 1994, Ribera et al. 1995, Bárbara & Cremades 1996, Veiga, Cremades & Bárbara 1998, Arenas & Fernandéz 1998, Fernández 1999, Peña & Bárbara 2002, Sánchez, Fernández & Rico 2003, Gorostiaga et al., 2004, Bárbara et al. 2005, Diaz-Tapia & Bárbara 2005, Sánchez & Fernández 2005, Sánchez et al 2005, Viejo et al. 2008).

North America: Alaska (Lindstrom 1977, Scagel et al. 1989), British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989, Phillips 1995), California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976, Silva 1979, Scagel et al. 1989, Stewart 1991, Phillips 1995), Mexico (Phillips 1995), Oregon (Hansen 1997), Washington (Scagel et al. 1989, Phillips 1995, Mondragon & Mondragon 2003).

Central America: México (Pacific) (Pedroche et al. 2008 ).

Asia: China (Tseng, Yoshida & Chiang 1985, Phillips 1995), Japan (Tseng, Yoshida & Chiang 1985, Yoshida, Nakajima & Nakata 1990, Phillips 1995, Yoshida 1998, Stiger et al. 2004), Korea (Lee & Yoo 1992, Phillips 1995, Lee & Kang 2001, Cho et al. 2006, Lee 2008).

Pacific Islands: Hawaiian Islands (Abbott & Huisman, 2004).

Key references
Braune, W. (2008). Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün- Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. pp. [1]-596, 266 pls. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag.

Cho, G.Y, Rousseau, F., Reviers, B. de & Boo, S.M. (2006). Phylogenetic relationships within the Fucales (Phaeophyceae) assessed by the photosystem I coding psaA sequences. Phycologia 45: 512-519.

Connan, S., Delisle, F., Deslandes, E. & Gall, E.A. (2006). Intra-thallus phlorotannin content and antioxidant activity in Phaeophyceae of temperate waters. Botanica Marina 49: 39-46.

Farnham, W.F., Fletcher, R.L. & Irvine, L.M. (1973). Attached Sargassum found in Britain. Nature, London 243: 231-232.

Kilar, J.A., Hanisak, M.D. & Yoshida, T. (1992). On the expression of phenotypic variability: why is Sargassum so taxonomically difficult?. In: Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with reference to Pacific and Western Atlantic species. (Abbott, I.A. Eds) Vol.3, pp. 95-117. La Jolla, California: California Sea Grant College.

Lee, K. & Yoo, S.-A. (1992). Korean species of Sargassum subgenus Bactrophycus J. Agardh (Sargassaceae, Fucales). In: Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds. (Abbott, I.A. Eds) Vol.3, pp. 139-147. La Jolla, California: California Sea Grant College.

Loiseaux-de Goër, S. & Noailles, M.-C. (2008). Algues de Roscoff. pp. [1]-215, col. figs. Roscoff: Editions de la Station Biologique de Roscoff.

Pedroche, P.F., Silva, P.C., Aguilar Rosas, L.E., Dreckmann, K.M. & Aguilar Rosas, R. (2008). Catálogo de las algas benthónicas del Pacífico de México II. Phaeophycota. pp. [i-viii], i-vi, 15-146. Mexicali & Berkeley: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana and University of California Berkeley.

Phillips, N. (1995). Biogeography of Sargassum (Phaeophyta) in the Pacific basin. In: Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds. (Abbott, I.A. Eds) Vol.5, pp. 107-145. La Jolla, California: California Sea Grant College System.

Stiger, V., Horiguchi, T., Yoshida, T., Coleman, A.W. & Masuda, M. (2003). Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Sargassum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae), inferred from it ITS nrDNA, with an emphasis on the taxonomic revision of the genus. Phycological Research 51(1): 1-10.

Tseng, C.K., Yoshida, T. & Chiang, Y.M. (1985). East Asiatic species of Sargassum subgenus Bactrophycus J.Agardh (Sargassaceae, Fucales), with keys to the sections and species. In: Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with reference to some Pacific and Caribbean species. (Abbott, I.A. & Norris, J.N. Eds) Vol.I, pp. 1-14. California Sea Grant Program.

Varela-Alvarez, E., Andreakis, N., Lago-Leston, A., Pearson, G.A., Serrao, E.A., Procaccini, G., Duarte, C.M. & Marba, N. (2006). Genomic DNA isolation from green and brown algae (Caulerpales and Fucales) for microsatellite library construction (Note). Journal of Phycology 42: 741-745.

Yoshida, T., Stiger, V. & Horiguchi, T. (2000). Sargassum boreale sp. nov. (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) from Hokkaido, Japan. Phycological Research 48: 125-132.

NCBI Nucleotide Sequences
As of 2 June 2009, nucleotide sequence data are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank for 22 samples identified as Sargassum muticum.

Created: 31 March 1996 by M.D. Guiry

Verified by: 13 March 2009 by M.D. Guiry

Accesses: This record has been accessed by users 19877 times since it was created.

References
(Please note: only references with the binomials in the title are included. The information is from the Literature database.)

Aguilar-Rosas, R. & Machado-Galindo, A.M. (1990). Ecological aspects of Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) in Baja California, Mexico: reproductive phenology and epiphytes.. Hydrobiologia 204/205: 185-190.
Aguilar-Rosas, R. & Machado Galindo, A. (1990). Ecological aspects of Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) in Baja California, Mexico: reproductive phenology and epiphytes. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 13: 185-190.
Andrew, N.L. & Viejo, R.M. (1998). Effects of wave exposure and intraspecific density on the growth and survivorship of Sargassum muticum (Sargassaceae: Phaeophyta). European Journal of Phycology 33: 251-258, 5 figs, 4 tables.
Arenas, F. & Fernandéz, C. (1998). Ecology of Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) on the north coast of Spain III. Reproductive ecology. Botanica Marina 41: 209-216, 8 figs.
Arenas, F. & Fernández, C. (1998). Ecology of Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) on the north coast of Spain III. Reproductive ecology. Botanica Marina 41: 209-216.
Arenas, F. & Fernández, C. (2000). Size structure and dynamics is a population of Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae). Journal of Phycology 36: 1012-1020.
Arenas, F., Fernández, C., Rico, J.M., Fernández, E. & Haya, D. (1995). Growth and reproductive strategies of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt and Cystoseira nodicaulis (Whit.) Roberts. Sci. Mar. 59 (supl.): 1-8.
Belsher, T. & Pommellec, S. (1988). Expansion de l'algue d'origine japonaise Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, sur les côtes Français, de 1983 à 1987. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 29: 221-231.
Belsher, T. (1983-1989). Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt sur le littoral Français. Direction de l'Environment et de l'Aménagement Littoral : 1-99.
Belsher, T., Boudouresque, C.-F., Lauret, M. & Riouall, R. (1985). L'envahissement de l'Etang de Thau (France) par la grande Phaeophyceae Sargassum muticum. Rapp Comm int Mer Médit 29: 33-36.
Boaden, P.J.S. (1995). The adventive seaweed Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 25: 111-112.
Boaden, P.J.S. (1995). The adventive seaweed Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 25: 111-113.
Boalch, G.T. & Potts, G.W. (1977). The first occurrence of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in the Plymouth area. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 57: 29-31.
Cabioch, J. (1981). Premières observations de l'algue Japonaise Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt dans la région de Roscoff. Travaux Station Biologique de Roscoff, Nouvelle Série 27: 1-2.
Casares Pascual, C., Gómez Garreta, A., Ribera Siguán, M.A. & Seoane Camba, J.A. (1987). Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, nueva cita para la Península Ibérica. Collectanea Botanica (Barcelona) 17(1): 151.
Chamberlain, A.H.L. (1978). Preliminary observations of apical dominance effects in Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt. British Phycological Journal 13: 198.
Coppejans, E., Rappe, G., Podoor, N. & Asperges, M. (1980). Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt ook langs de Belgische kust Aangespoeld. Dumortiera 16: 7-13.
Cosson, J., Duglet, A. & Billard, C. (1977). Sur la vegetation algale de l'etage littoral dans la region de Saint-Vaast-la-Houge et la presence d'une espèce nouvelle pour les côtes françaises: Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt (Pheophycée, Fucale). Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 105: 109-116.
Critchley, A. (1981). Age determination of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt. British Phycological Journal 16: 134.
Critchley, A. T., De Visscher, P. R. M. & Nienhuis, P. H. (1990). Canopy characteristics of the brown alga Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) in Lake Grevelingen, southwest Netherlands. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 13: 211-217.
Critchley, A. T., Nienhuis, P. H. & Verschuure, K. (1987). Presence and development of populations of the introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum in the southwest Netherlands. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 12: 245-255.
Critchley, A.T. & Dijkema, R. (1984). On the presence of the introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum, attached to commercially imported Ostrea edulis in the S. W. Netherlands. Botanica Marina 27: 211-216.
Critchley, A.T. (1980). The further spread of Sargassum muticum. British Phycological Journal 15: 194.
Critchley, A.T. (1983). Sargassum muticum: a morphological study of European material. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 63: 813-824.
Critchley, A.T. (1983). Sargassum muticum: a taxonomic history including world-wide and western Pacific distributions. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 63: 617-625.
Critchley, A.T. (1983). Experimental observations on variability of leaf and air vesicle shape of Sargassum muticum. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 63: 825-831.
Critchley, A.T. (1983). The establishment and increase of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt populations within the Solent area of southern Britain. I. An investigation of the increase in number of population individuals. Botanica Marina 26: 539-545.
Critchley, A.T. (1983). The establishment and increase of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt populations within the Solent area of southern Britain. II. An investigation of the increase in canopy cover of the alga at low water. Botanica Marina 26: 547-552.
Critchley, A.T., De Visscher, P.R.M. & Nienhuis, P.H. (1990). Canopy characteristics of the brown alga Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) in Lake Grevelingen, southwest Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 204/205: 211-217.
Critchley, A.T., Farnham, W.F. & Morrell, S.L. (1983). A chronology of new European sites of attachment for the invasive brown alga, Sargassum muticum, 1973-1981. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 63: 799-811.
Critchley, A.T., Farnham, W.F. & Morrell, S.L. (1986). An account of the attempted control of an introduced marine alga, Sargassum muticum, in southern England. Biological Conservation 35: 313-332.
Critchley, A.T., Farnham, W.F., Yoshida, T. & Norton, T.A. (1990). A bibliography of the invasive alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt (Fucales; Sargassaceae). Botanica Marina 33: 551-562.
Curiel, D., Bellemo, G., Marzocchi, M., Scattolin, M. & Parisi, G. (1998). Distribution of introduced Japanese macroalgae Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) and Antithamnion pectinatum (Rhodophyta) in the Lagoon of Venice. Hydrobiologia 385: 17-22, 6 figs, 1 table.
de Paula, É.J. & Eston, V.R. (1987). Are there other Sargassum species potentially as invasive as S. muticum?. Botanica Marina 30: 405-410.
De Wreede, R.E. & Vandermeulen, H. (1988). Lithothrix aspergillum (Rhodophyta): regrowth and interaction with Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) and Neorhodomela larix (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 27: 469-476.
De Wreede, R.E. (1978). Phenology of Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Syesis 11: 1-9.
De Wreede, R.E. (1983). Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Phaeophyta): regrowth and interaction with Rhodomela larix (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 22: 153-160.
Deysher, L. E. (1984). Reproductive phenology of newly introduced populations of the brown alga, Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 11: 403-407.
Engelen, A.H., Espirito-Santo, C., Simões, T., Monteiro, C., Serrão E.A., Pearson, G.A. & Santos, R.O. P. (2008). Periodicity of propagule expulsion and settlement in the competing native and invasive brown seaweeds, Cystoseira humilis and Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta). European Journal of Phycology 43(3): 275-282.
Espinoza, J. (1990). The southern limit of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt (Phaeophyta, Fucales) in the Mexican Pacific. Botanica Marina 33: 193-196.
Farnham, W., Murfin, C., Critchley, A. & Morell, S. (1981). Distribution and control of the brown alga Sargassum muticum. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 10: 277-282.
Farnham, W.F. & Jones, E.B.G. (1974). The eradication of the seaweed Sargassum muticum from Britain. Biological Conservation 6: .
Fernández, C. (1999). Ecology of Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) on the north coast of Spain: IV. Sequence of colonization on a shore. Botanica Marina 42: 553-562, 9 figs, 6 tables.
Fernández, C., Gutiérrez, L.M. & Rico, J.M. (1990). Ecology of Sargassum muticum on the north coast of Spain. Preliminary observations. Botanica Marina 33: 423-428.
Fernández, C., Gutiérrez, M. & Rico, J.M. (1990). Ecology of Sargassum muticum on the North Coast of Spain. Preliminary observations. Botanica Marina 33: 423-428.
Fisher, D.D. & Gibor, A. (1987). Production of protoplasts from the brown alga, Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt (Phaeophyta). Phycologia 26: 488-495.
Fletcher, R.L. (1975). Studies on the recently introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt II. Regenerative ability. Botanica Marina 18: 157-162.
Fletcher, R.L. (1975). Studies on the recently introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt I. Ecology and reproduction. Botanica Marina 18: 149-156.
Fletcher, R.L. (1980). Studies on the recently introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt III. Periodicity in gamete release and 'incubation' of early germling stages. Botanica Marina 23: 425-432.
Gerbal, M. (1986). Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae, Fucales) dans l'etang de thau (Mediterranee, France): Presence de thalles cespiteux. Rapport et Procès-Verbaux des Réunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditeranée 30(2): 5-6.
Gerbal, M., Maiz, N.B. & Boudouresque, C.-F. (1985). Les peuplements à Sargassum muticum de l'Étang de Thau: données préliminaires sur la flore algale. Actes Cong. Nat. Soc. Sav. 110: 241-254.
Givernaud, T., Cosson, J. & Givernaudmouradi, A. (1990). Regeneration of the brown seaweed Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae, Fucale). Cryptogamie, Algologie 11(4): 293-304.
Gorostiaga, J.M., Casares, C., Fernandez, J.A., Perez, B. & Sarasua, A. (1988). Sobre la Expansion de Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt en la costa Atlantica Europea. Lurralde 11: 437-443.
Gray, P.W.G. & Gareth Jones, E.B. (1977). The attempted clearance of Sargassum muticum from Britain. Environmental Conservation 4: 303-308.
Hales, J.M. & Fletcher, R.E. (1992). Receptacle regeneration in Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta). Phycologia 31: 591-601, 25 figs, 1 table.
Hales, J.M. & Fletcher, R.L. (1983). Observations on tissue regeneration in wounded receptacles of Sargassum muticum. British Phycological Journal 18: 204.
Hales, J.M. & Fletcher, R.L. (1989). Studies on the recently introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt. IV. The effect of temperature, irradiance and salinity on germling growth. Botanica Marina 32: 167-176.
Hales, J.M. & Fletcher, R.L. (1990). Studies on the recently introduced brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt. 5. Receptacle initiation and growth, and gamete release in laboratory culture. Botanica Marina 33: 241-249.
Hwang, E.K. & Dring, M.J. (2002). Quantitative photoperiodic control of erect thallus production in Sargassum muticum. Botanica Marina 45: 471-475.
Jephson, N.A. & Gray, P.W.G. (1977). Aspects of the ecology of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, in the Solent Region of the British Isles I. The growth cycle and epiphytes. Biology of Benthic Organisms : 367-375.
Kane, D.F. (1978). Observations of the vegetative growth of Sargassum muticum in laboratory culture. British Phycological Journal 13: 202-203.
Karlsson, J. & Loo, L.O. (1999). On the distribution and continuous expansion of the Japanese seaweed - Sargassum muticum - in Sweden. Botanica Marina 42: 285-295.
Karlsson, J. (1988). Sargassum muticum, a new member of the algal flora of the Swedish West Coast. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 82: 199-205.
Knoepffler-Peguy, M., Belsher, T., Boudouresque, C.-F. & Lauret, M. (1985). Sargassum muticum begins to invade the Mediterranean. Aquatic Botany 23: 291-295.
Kraan, S. (2007). Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in Ireland: an invasive species on the move. Journal of Applied Phycology 19: in press.
Le Lann, K., Jégou, C. & Stiger-Pouvreau, V. (2008). Effect of different conditioning treatments on total phenolic content and antioxidant activities in two Sargassacean species: Comparison of the frondose Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt and the cylindrical Bifurcaria bifurcata R. Ross. Phycological Research 56(4): 238-245.
Lewey, S. & Farnham, W. F. (1981). Observations on Sargassum muticum in Britain. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 8: 388-394.
Lewey, S.A. (1978). Variation in the pigment composition of Sargassum muticum. British Phycological Journal 13: 203.
Loughnane, C. & Stengel, D.B. (2002). Attached Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt found on the west coast of Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 27: 70-72.
Monteiro, C., Engelen, A.H., Serrao, E.A. & Santos, R. (2009). Habitat differences in the timing of reproduction of the invasive alga Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta, Sargassaceae) over tidal and lunar cycles. Journal of Phycology 45: 1-7.
Morrell, S. & Farnham, W.F. (1981). The effects of mechanical clearance on Solent populations of Sargassum muticum. British Phycological Journal 16: 138.
Morrell, S.L. & Farnham, W.F. (1982). Some effects of substratum on Sargassum muticum. British Phycological Journal 17: 236-237.
Nicholson, N., Hosmer, H., Bird, K., Hart, L., Sandlin, W., Shoemaker, C. & Sloan, C. (1981). The biology of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt at Santa Catalina Island, California. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 8: 416-424.
Norton, T. A. (1981). Sargassum muticum on the Pacific coast of North America. Proceedings of the International Seaweed Symposium 8: 449-456.
Norton, T.A. (1976). Why is Sargassum muticum so invasive?. British Phycolgical Journal 11: 197-198.
Norton, T.A. (1980). Sink, swim or stick: the fate of Sargassum muticum propagules. British Phycological Journal 15: 197-198.
Norton, T.A. (1981). Gamete expulsion and release in Sargassum muticum. Botanica Marina 24: 465-470.
Paula, E.J. & Eston, V.R. (1987). Are there other Sargassum species potentially as invasive as S. muticum ?. Botanica Marina 30: 405-410.
Plouguerné, E., Hellio, C., Deslandes, E., Véron, B. & Stiger-Pouvreau, V. (2008). Anti-microfouling activities in extracts of two invasive algae: Grateloupia turuturu and Sargassum muticum. Botanica Marina 51: 202-208.
Prud'homme van Reine, W.F. & Nienhuis, P.H. (1982). Occurrence of the brown alga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in The Netherlands. Botanica Marina 25: 37-39.
Prud'Homme van Reine, W.F., van der Wiele, P. & Bom, H. (1982). Studies on Sargassum muticum in the Netherlands. British Phycological Journal 17: 238.
Rico, J.M. & Fernández, C. (1997). Ecology of Sargassum muticum on the North Coast of Spain II. Physiological differences between Sargassum muticum and Cystoseira nodicaulis. Botanica Marina 40: 405-410.
Rubin, E., Rodriguez, P., Herrero, R., Cremades, J., Barbara, I. & de Vicente, M.E.S. (2005). Removal of Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions using as biosorbent Sargassum muticum: an invasive macroalga in Europe. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 80: 291-298.
Rueness, J. (1985). Japweed - Sargassum muticum - Biological pollution of European waters. Blyttia 43: 71-74.
Rueness, J. (1989). Sargassum muticum and other introduced Japanese macroalgae: biological pollution of European coasts. Marine Pollution Bulletin 20: 173-176.
Rull Lluch, J., Gómez Garreta, A., Barceló, M.C. & Ribera, M.A. (1994). Mapas de distribución de algas marinas de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. VII. Cystoseira C. Agardh (Grupo C. baccata) y Sargassum C. Agardh (S. muticum y S. vulgare). Botanica Complutensis 19: 131-138.
Sánchez, I. & Fernández, C. (2005). Impact of the invasive seaweed Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta) on an intertidal macroalgal assemblage. Journal of Phycology 41: 923-930.
Sánchez, I., Fernández, C. & Arrontes, J. (2005). Long-term changes in the structure of intertidal assemblages following invasion by Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyta). Journal of Phycology 41: 942-949.
Scagel, R.F. (1956). Introduction of a Japanese alga, Sargassum muticum, into the northeast Pacific. Fish. Res. Pap., Wash. Dept. Fish. 1: 1-10.
Setzer, B. & Link, C. (1971). The wanderings of Sargassum muticum and other relations. Stromatopod 2: 5-6.
Simkanin, C.M. (2004). The invasive seaweed Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt in Lough Hyne Marine Nature Reserve, Co Cork. Irish Naturalists' Journal 27: 481-482.
Steen, H. (2003). Intraspecific competition in Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae) germlings under various density, nutrient and temperature regimes. Botanica Marina 46: 36-43.
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